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Solution:

$x^{2} d y+\left(x y+y^{2}\right) d x=0$

$\Rightarrow x^{2} d y=-\left(x y+y^{2}\right) d x$

$\Rightarrow \frac{d y}{d x}=\frac{-\left(x y+y^{2}\right)}{x^{2}}$        ...(1)

Let $F(x, y)=\frac{-\left(x y+y^{2}\right)}{x^{2}}$.

$\therefore F(\lambda x, \lambda y)=\frac{\left[\lambda x \cdot \lambda y+(\lambda y)^{2}\right]}{(\lambda x)^{2}}=\frac{-\left(x y+y^{2}\right)}{x^{2}}=\lambda^{0} \cdot F(x, y)$

Therefore, the given differential equation is a homogeneous equation.

To solve it, we make the substitution as:

y = vx

$\Rightarrow \frac{d}{d x}(y)=\frac{d}{d x}(v x)$

$\Rightarrow \frac{d y}{d x}=v+x \frac{d v}{d x}$

Substituting the values of $y$ and $\frac{d y}{d x}$ in equation $(1)$, we get:

$v+x \frac{d v}{d x}=\frac{-\left[x \cdot v x+(v x)^{2}\right]}{x^{2}}=-v-v^{2}$

$\Rightarrow x \frac{d v}{d x}=-v^{2}-2 v=-v(v+2)$

$\Rightarrow \frac{d v}{v(v+2)}=-\frac{d x}{x}$

$\Rightarrow \frac{1}{2}\left[\frac{(v+2)-v}{v(v+2)}\right] d v=-\frac{d x}{x}$

$\Rightarrow \frac{1}{2}\left[\frac{1}{v}-\frac{1}{v+2}\right] d v=-\frac{d x}{x}$

Integrating both sides, we get:

$\frac{1}{2}[\log v-\log (v+2)]=-\log x+\log \mathrm{C}$

$\Rightarrow \frac{1}{2} \log \left(\frac{v}{v+2}\right)=\log \frac{\mathrm{C}}{x}$

$\Rightarrow \frac{v}{v+2}=\left(\frac{\mathrm{C}}{x}\right)^{2}$

$\Rightarrow \frac{\frac{y}{x}}{\frac{y}{x}+2}=\left(\frac{\mathrm{C}}{x}\right)^{2}$

$\Rightarrow \frac{y}{y+2 x}=\frac{\mathrm{C}^{2}}{x^{2}}$

$\Rightarrow \frac{x^{2} y}{y+2 x}=\mathrm{C}^{2}$           ...(2)

Now, y = 1 at x = 1.

$\Rightarrow \frac{1}{1+2}=\mathrm{C}^{2}$

$\Rightarrow \mathrm{C}^{2}=\frac{1}{3}$

Substituting $\mathrm{C}^{2}=\frac{1}{3}$ in equation (2), we get:

$\frac{x^{2} y}{y+2 x}=\frac{1}{3}$

$\Rightarrow y+2 x=3 x^{2} y$

This is the required solution of the given differential equation.