Silver atom has completely filled d orbitals

Question:

Silver atom has completely filled orbitals (4d10) in its ground state. How can you say that it is a transition element?

Solution:

Ag has a completely filled 4d orbital (4d10 5s1) in its ground state. Now, silver displays two oxidation states (+1 and +2). In the +1 oxidation state, an electron is removed from the s-orboital. However, in the +2 oxidation state, an electron is removed from the d-orbital. Thus, the d-orbital now becomes incomplete (4d9). Hence, it is a transition element.

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