The approximate change in the volume of a cube of side x metres

Question:

The approximate change in the volume of a cube of side x metres caused by increasing the side by 3% is

A. $0.06 x^{3} \mathrm{~m}^{3}$

B. $0.6 x^{3} \mathrm{~m}^{3}$

C. $0.09 x^{3} \mathrm{~m}^{3}$

D. $0.9 x^{3} \mathrm{~m}^{3}$

Solution:

The volume of a cube $(V)$ of side $x$ is given by $V=x^{3}$.

$\therefore d V=\left(\frac{d V}{d x}\right) \Delta x$

$=\left(3 x^{2}\right) \Delta x$

$=\left(3 x^{2}\right)(0.03 x) \quad[$ As $3 \%$ of $x$ is $0.03 x]$

$=0.09 x^{3} \mathrm{~m}^{3}$

Hence, the approximate change in the volume of the cube is $0.09 x^{3} \mathrm{~m}^{3}$.

The correct answer is $\mathrm{C}$.

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