What are hybridisation states of each carbon atom in the following compounds?

Solution:

(i) $\stackrel{1}{\mathrm{C} \mathrm{H}_{2}}=\stackrel{2}{\mathrm{C}}=0$

C-1 is $s p^{2}$ hybridised.

C-2 is sp hybridised.(ii) $\stackrel{1}{\mathrm{C} \mathrm{H}}_{3}-\mathrm{CH}^{2}=\stackrel{3}{\mathrm{C}} \mathrm{H}_{2}$

(ii) $\stackrel{1}{\mathrm{C} \mathrm{H}}_{3}-\mathrm{CH}^{2}=\stackrel{3}{\mathrm{C}} \mathrm{H}_{2}$

C-1 is $s p^{3}$ hybridised.

$\mathrm{C}-2$ is $s p^{2}$ hybridised.

C $-3$ is $s p^{2}$ hybridised.

(iii)

C–1 and C–3 are sp3 hybridised.

 

C–2 is sp2 hybridised.

(iv) $\stackrel{1}{\mathrm{C}} \mathrm{H}_{2}=\stackrel{2}{\mathrm{C}} \mathrm{H}-\stackrel{3}{\mathrm{C}} \equiv \mathrm{N}$

C–1 is sp2 hybridised.

C–2 is sp2 hybridised.

 

C–3 is sp hybridised.

(v) $\mathrm{C}_{6} \mathrm{H}_{6}$

All the 6 carbon atoms in benzene are sp2 hybridised.