A person had roti and dal for his lunch.
Question: A person had roti and dal for his lunch. Trace the changes in those during its passage through the alimentary canal. Solution: 1. Roti and dal are chewed in the mouth which is the first part of the alimentary canal. Then it became a semisolid paste and mixed with saliva. The enzyme called salivary amylase is present in the saliva which helps in the digestion of starch to maltose. 2. The oral cavity then leads into short pharynx followed by oesophagus and stomach. The semisolid food wit...
Read More →Describe the enzymatic action
Question: Describe the enzymatic action on fats in the duodenum. Solution: Fats (lipases) Diglycerides Monoglycerides Intestinal lipases act on di-monoglycerides and convert into fatty acids and glycerol. Diglycerides and monoglycerides in the presence of lipases gets converted into fatty acid and glycerol....
Read More →Distinguish between constipation and indigestion.
Question: Distinguish between constipation and indigestion. Mention their major causes. Solution: Constipation, the faeces are retained within the rectum and the bowel movement occurs regularly. Indigestion, the food which consumed will not get digested properly leading to a feeling of fullness. The causes of constipation are the fewer intakes of water and roughage in the diet whereas indigestion is caused by the inadequate enzyme secretion, anxiety and food poisoning....
Read More →How are the activities of the gastro-intestinal
Question: How are the activities of the gastro-intestinal tract regulated? Solution: They are regulated by a neural system and hormonal system and are connected by many intrinsic and extrinsic nerves. This helps in the proper functioning of the different parts of the alimentary canal....
Read More →How is the intestinal mucosa protected
Question: How is the intestinal mucosa protected from the acidic food entering from the stomach? Solution: The mucus and bicarbonates help and protect the mucosal epithelium from excoriation of the secreted hydrochloric acid in a higher concentration. They provide an alkaline medium also....
Read More →Evaluate the following integrals:
Question: Evaluate the following integrals: $\int \sin ^{5} x \cos x d x$ Solution: Assume $\sin x=t$ $d(\sin x)=d t$ $\cos x d x=d t$ $\therefore$ Substituting $t$ and $d t$ in given equation we get $\Rightarrow \int \mathrm{t}^{5} \mathrm{dt}$ $\Rightarrow \frac{t^{6}}{6}+c$ But $t=\sin x$ $\Rightarrow \frac{\sin ^{6} x}{6}+c$...
Read More →What are the three major types
Question: What are the three major types of cells found in the gastric glands? Name their secretions. Solution: i. Mucous Neck cells they secrete mucus ii. Peptic or chief cells they secrete Proenzyme Pepsinogen and Prorennin iii. Parietal or oxyntic cells they secrete HCl and intrinsic factor....
Read More →Correct the statement given below by the right option
Question: Correct the statement given below by the right option shown in the bracket against them a. Absorption of amino acids and glycerol takes place in the. (small intestine/ large intestine) b. The faeces in the rectum initiate a reflex causing an urge for its removal. (neural /hormonal) c. Skin and eyes turn yellow in infection. (liver /stomach) d. Rennin is a proteolytic enzyme found in gastric juice in (infants/adults). e. Pancreatic juice and bile are released through. (intestine pancrea...
Read More →Differentiate the following with respect to x:
Question: Differentiate the following with respect to x: $\cos x^{3}$ Solution: To Find: Differentiation NOTE : When 2 functions are in the product then we used product rule i.e $\frac{d(u, v)}{d x}=v \frac{d u}{d x}+u \frac{d v}{d x}$ Formula used: $\frac{d}{d x}(\cos n u)=-\sin n u \frac{d}{d x}(n u)$ and $\frac{d x^{n}}{d x}=n x^{n-1}$ Let us take $y=\cos x^{3}$ So, by using the above formula, we have $\frac{d}{d x} \cos x^{3}=-\sin \left(x^{3}\right) \times \frac{d}{d x}\left(x^{3}\right)=-3...
Read More →What is the role of the gall bladder?
Question: What is the role of the gall bladder? What may happen if it stops functioning or is removed? Solution: The role of the gall bladder is that it stores and concentrates bile juice secreted by the liver it also releases the bile juice. If the gall bladder is removed or if it stops functioning, the bile juice will directly move to the small intestine....
Read More →List the organs of the human alimentary
Question: List the organs of the human alimentary canal and name the major digestive glands with their location. Solution: The mouth is the first human alimentary canals and followed by oral cavity. Then it will lead to the short pharynx then oesophagus and followed by the stomach. There are two parts in the stomach which is small intestine and large intestine. The last part is the anus. The digestive glands associated with the alimentary canal are: Salivary glands which are present in the mouth...
Read More →Evaluate the following integrals:
Question: Evaluate the following integrals: $\int \frac{1}{x}(\log x)^{2} d x$ Solution: Assume $\log x=t$ $d(\log (x))=d t$ $\Rightarrow \frac{1}{x} d x=d t$ $\therefore$ Substituting $\mathrm{t}$ and $\mathrm{dt}$ in given equation we get $\Rightarrow \int \mathrm{t}^{2} \cdot \mathrm{dt}$ $\Rightarrow \int \mathrm{t}^{2} \cdot \mathrm{dt}$ $\Rightarrow \frac{t^{3}}{3}+c$ But $\log x=t$ $\Rightarrow \frac{(\log (x))^{3}}{3}+C$...
Read More →Name the part of the alimentary canal
Question: Name the part of the alimentary canal where major absorption of digested food takes place. What are the absorbed forms of different kinds of food materials? Solution: Small intestine is the part of the alimentary canal where major absorption of the digested food takes place. Amino acids, carbohydrates like glucose, fructose, fatty acids and glycerol are the various forms of absorbable types of food forms....
Read More →What is the pancreas?
Question: What is the pancreas? Mention the major secretions of the pancreas that are helpful indigestion. Solution: The pancreas is an organ which is located between the limbs of U shaped duodenum. It is a compound elongated organ. The exocrine portion secretes an alkaline pancreatic juice containing enzymes and the endocrine portion secretes hormones, insulin and glucagon....
Read More →Differentiate the following with respect to x:
Question: Differentiate the following with respect to x: tan3x Solution: To Find: Differentiation NOTE : When 2 functions are in the product then we used product rule i.e $\frac{d(u, v)}{d x}=v \frac{d u}{d x}+u \frac{d v}{d x}$ Formula used: $\frac{d}{d x}(\tan n u)=\sec ^{2}(n u) \cdot \frac{d}{d x}(n u) .$ Let us take $y=\tan 3 x$ So, by using the above formula, we have $\frac{d}{d x} \tan 3 x=\sec ^{2}(3 x) \times \frac{d}{d x}(3 x)=3 \sec ^{2}(3 x)$ Differentiation of $y=\tan 3 x$ is $3 \se...
Read More →Correct the following statements by deleting
Question: Correct the following statements by deleting one of the entries (given in bold). a. Goblet cells are located in the intestinal mucosal epithelium and secrete chymotrypsin/mucus. b. Fats are broken down into di- and monoglycerides with the help of amylase/ lipases. c. Gastric glands of stomach mucosa have oxyntic cell/chief cells which secrete HCl. d. Saliva contains enzymes that digest starch /protein. Solution: (a) Goblet cells are located in the intestinal mucosal epithelium and secr...
Read More →Does gall bladder make bile?
Question: Does gall bladder make bile? Solution: No, gall bladder does not produce bile. Gall bladder only stores and concentrates bile....
Read More →Evaluate the following integrals:
Question: Evaluate the following integrals: $\int \frac{\sqrt{\tan x}}{\sin x \cos x} d x$ Solution: Multiply and divide by $\cos x$ $\Rightarrow \int \frac{\sqrt{\tan x} \cdot \cos x}{\sin x \cdot \cos x \cdot \cos x} d x$ $\Rightarrow \int \frac{\sqrt{\tan x}}{\tan x \cdot \cos ^{2} x} d x$ $\Rightarrow \int \frac{\sec ^{2} x}{\sqrt{\tan x}} d x$ Assume $\tan x=t$ $d(\tan x)=d t$ $\sec ^{2} x d x=d t$ Substituting $t$ and $d t$ in above equation we get $\Rightarrow \int \frac{1}{\sqrt{t}} \mat...
Read More →The stomach is located in the upper-left
Question: The stomach is located in the upper-left portion of the abdominal cavity and has three major parts. Name these three parts. Solution: The three major parts are Cardiac portion, Fundic region and pyloric portion....
Read More →What do we call the type of teeth attached
Question: What do we call the type of teeth attached to jawbones in which each tooth is embedded in a socket of jaws bones? Solution: Thecodont is the type of teeth attached to jawbones in which each tooth is embedded in a socket of jaws bones...
Read More →Differentiate the following with respect to x:
Question: Differentiate the following with respect to x: cos 5x Solution: To Find: Differentiation NOTE : When 2 functions are in the product then we used product rule i.e $\frac{d(u, v)}{d x}=v \frac{d u}{d x}+u \frac{d v}{d x}$ Formula used: $\frac{d}{d x}(\cos n u)=-\sin (n u) \frac{d}{d x}(n u) .$ Let us take $y=\cos 5 x$. So, by using the above formula, we have $\frac{d}{d x}(\cos 5 x)=-\sin (5 x) \times \frac{d}{d x}(5 x)=-5 \sin 5 x$ Differentiation of $y=\cos 5 x$ is $-5 \sin 5 x$...
Read More →Define digestion in one sentence
Question: Define digestion in one sentence Solution: Digestion is the process of conversion of complex food substances to simple absorbable forms....
Read More →Name the enzymes involved in the breakdown
Question: Name the enzymes involved in the breakdown of nucleotides into sugars and bases? Solution: Nucleotidases and Nucleosidases are the enzymes involved in the breakdown of nucleotides into sugars and bases...
Read More →In which part of the alimentary
Question: In which part of the alimentary canal does absorption of water, simple sugars and alcohol take place? Solution: Absorption of water, simple sugars, and alcohol etc. take place in the stomach part of the alimentary canal....
Read More →Differentiate the following with respect to x:
Question: Differentiate the following with respect to x: $\sin 4 x$ Solution: To Find: Differentiation NOTE : When 2 functions are in the product then we used product rule i.e $\frac{\mathrm{d}(\mathrm{u} \cdot \mathrm{v})}{\mathrm{dx}}=\mathrm{v} \frac{\mathrm{du}}{\mathrm{dx}}+\mathrm{u} \frac{\mathrm{dv}}{\mathrm{dx}}$ Formula used: $\frac{d}{d x}(\sin n u)=\cos (n u) \frac{d}{d x}(n u)$ Let us take y = sin 4x. So, by using the above formula, we have $\frac{d}{d x}(\sin 4 x)=\cos (4 x) \times...
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