Which among the following statements about India’s Constitution is wrong? It
[question] Question. Which among the following statements about India’s Constitution is wrong? It (a) prohibits discrimination on grounds of religion (b) gives official status to one religion (c) provides to all individuals freedom to profess any religion (d) ensures equality of citizens within religious communities [/question] [solution] Solution: (b) gives official status to one religion [/solution]...
Read More →An automobile vehicle has a mass of 1500 kg.
[question] Question. An automobile vehicle has a mass of 1500 kg. What must be the force between the vehicle and road if the vehicle is to be stopped with a negative acceleration of 1.7 ms–2 ? [question] [solution] Solution: Mass of the vehicle, $\mathrm{m}=1500 \mathrm{~kg} ;$ negative acceleration, $\mathrm{a}=-1.7 \mathrm{~ms}^{-2}$ $\therefore$ Force of friction between the road and vehicle $\mathrm{F}=\mathrm{ma}=1500 \times(-1.7)=-2550 \mathrm{~N}$ Negative sign means force is acting in th...
Read More →An 8000 kg engine pulls a train of 5 wagons, each of 2000 kg, along a horizontal track.
[question] Question. An 8000 kg engine pulls a train of 5 wagons, each of 2000 kg, along a horizontal track. If the engine exerts a force of 40000 N and the track offers a frictional force of 5000 N, then calculate: (a) the net accelerating force (b) the acceleration of the train (c) the force of wagon 1 on wagon 2 [/question] [solution] Solution: (a) Force exerted by the engine $=40,000 \mathrm{~N}$ Force of friction exerted by the tracks $=5000 \mathrm{~N}$ As the force of friction always acts...
Read More →No matter how far you stand from a mirror,
[question] Question. No matter how far you stand from a mirror, your image appears erect. The mirror is likely to be (a) Plane (b) Concave (c) Convex (d) Either plane or convex [/question] [solution] solution: Option (d) is correct. A convex mirror always gives a virtual and erect image of smaller size of the object placed in front of it. Similarly, a plane mirror will always give a virtual and erect image of same size as that of the object placed in front of it. Therefore, the given mirror coul...
Read More →Consider the following statements on the meaning of communal politics. Communal politics is based on the belief that:
[question] Question. Consider the following statements on the meaning of communal politics. Communal politics is based on the belief that: Α. One religion is superior to that of others. Β. People belonging to different religions can live together happily as equal citizens. C. Followers of a particular religion constitute one community. D. State power cannot be used to establish the domination of one religious group over others. Which of the statements is/are correct? (a) A, B, C and D (b) A, B a...
Read More →In India seats are reserved for women in
[question] Question. In India seats are reserved for women in (a) Lok Sabha (b) State Legislative Assemblies (c) Cabinets (d) Panchayati Raj bodies [/question] [solution] Solution: (d) Panchayati Raj bodies [/solution]...
Read More →A spherical mirror and a thin spherical lens
[question] Question. A spherical mirror and a thin spherical lens have each a focal length of –15 cm. The mirror and the lens are likely to be (a) Both concave (b) Both convex (c) The mirror is concave and the lens is convex (d) The mirror is convex, but the lens is concave [/question] [solution] solution: Option (a) is correct i.e., a concave mirror as well as concave lens both have negative focal length [/solution]...
Read More →When we speak of gender divisions, we usually refer to:
[question] Question. When we speak of gender divisions, we usually refer to: (a) Biological difference between men and women (b) Unequal roles assigned by the society to men and women (c) Unequal child sex ratio (d) Absence of voting rights for women in democracies [/question] [solution] Solution: (b) Unequal roles assigned by the society to men and women [/solution]...
Read More →A stone of 1 kg is thrown with a velocity
[question] Question. A stone of 1 kg is thrown with a velocity of 20 ms–1 across the frozen surface of a lake and comes to rest after travelling a distance of 50 m. What is the force of friction between the stone and the ice ? [/question] [solution] Solution: Mass of stone, $\mathrm{m}=1 \mathrm{~kg}$; initial velocity of stone, $\mathrm{u}=20 \mathrm{~ms}^{-1}$; final velocity of stone, $\mathrm{v}=0 ;$ distance covered by the stone, $\mathrm{s}=50 \mathrm{~m} ;$ acceleration of stone, $\mathrm...
Read More →Where should an object be placed in front of
[question] Question. Where should an object be placed in front of a convex lens to get a real image of the size of the object ? (a) At the principal focus of the lens (b) At twice the focal length (c) At infinity (d) Between the optical centre of the lens and its principal focus. [/question] [solution] solution: When an object is placed at $2 \mathrm{~F}_{1}$ in front of a convex lens, its image is formed at $2 \mathrm{~F}_{2}$ on the other side of the lens. The image formed is real, inverted, a...
Read More →Mention any two constitutional provisions that make India a secular state.
[question] Question. Mention any two constitutional provisions that make India a secular state. [/question] [solution] Solution: Two constitutional provisions that make India a secular state are: The Constitution provides to all individuals and communities freedom to profess, practice and propagate any religion, or not to follow any. The Constitution prohibits discrimination on grounds of religion. [/solution]...
Read More →What is the status of women’s representation in India’s legislative bodies?
[question] Question. What is the status of women’s representation in India’s legislative bodies? [/question] [solution] Solution: When it comes to representation of women in legislative bodies, India is among the bottom group of nations in the world. Women’s representation has always been less than 10% in Lok Sabha and 5% in the State Assemblies. On the other hand, the situation is different in the case of local government bodies. As one-third of seats in local government bodies (panchayats and ...
Read More →The image formed by a concave mirror is observed to be virtual,
[question] Question. The image formed by a concave mirror is observed to be virtual, erect and larger than the object. Where should be the position of the object ? (a) Between the principal focus and the centre of curvature (b) At the centre of curvature (c) Beyond the centre of curvature (d) Between the pole of the mirror and its principal focus [/question] [solution] solution: Option (d) is correct. When an object is placed between the pole and principal focus of a concave mirror, the image fo...
Read More →A truck starts from rest and rolls down a hill with a constant acceleration.
[question] Question. A truck starts from rest and rolls down a hill with a constant acceleration. It travels a distance of $400 \mathrm{~m}$ in $20 \mathrm{~s}$. Find its acceleration. Find the force acting on it if its mass is 7 metric tonnes. (Hint : 1 metric tonne $=1000 \mathrm{~kg}$.) [/question] [solution] Solution: Initial velocity of truck, $\mathrm{u}=0 ;$ time, $\mathrm{t}=20 \mathrm{~s} ;$ distance covered, $\mathrm{s}=400 \mathrm{~m} ;$ acceleration, $\mathrm{a}=? ;$ mass of truck, $...
Read More →State two reasons to say that caste alone cannot determine election results in India.
[question] Question. State two reasons to say that caste alone cannot determine election results in India. [/question] [solution] Solution: Caste alone cannot determine election results in India because: No parliamentary constituency has a clear majority of one single caste. No party wins all the votes of a particular caste. [/solution]...
Read More →Which one of the following materials
[question] Question. Which one of the following materials cannot be used to make a lens ? (a) Water (b) Glass (c) Plastic (d) Clay [/question] [solution] solution: (d) Clay is not transparent, therefore it cannot be used for making lens. [/solution]...
Read More →State how caste inequalities are still continuing in India.
[question] Question. State how caste inequalities are still continuing in India. [/question] [solution] Solution: Caste inequalities have not completely disappeared from India. Even today, most people marry within their own caste or tribe. Despite constitutional prohibition, untouchability has not ended completely. Education is not easily available to the so called 'low castes'. Economic status is closely linked to the caste system. In modern India, like in pre-independence India, the poor are m...
Read More →A batsman hits a cricket ball which then rolls on a level ground. After covering a short distance, the ball comes to rest.
[question] Question. A batsman hits a cricket ball which then rolls on a level ground. After covering a short distance, the ball comes to rest. The ball slows to a stop because (a) the batsman did not hit the ball hard enough. (b) velocity is proportional to the force exerted on the ball. (c) there is a force on the ball opposing the motion. (d) there is no unbalanced force on the ball, so the ball would want to come to rest. [/question] [solution] Solution: Correct answer is option (c). There i...
Read More →Find the power of a concave
[question] Question. Find the power of a concave lens of focal length 2 m. [/question] [solution] solution: Given, focal length $=-2 \mathrm{~m}$ (focal length of concave lens is negative). Power, $P=\frac{1}{f}=\frac{1}{-2.0}$ or $P=-0.5$ Dioptre [/solution]...
Read More →State different forms of communal politics with one example each.
[question] Question. State different forms of communal politics with one example each. [/question] [solution] Solution: Different forms of communal politics: (a) The expression of communal superiority in everyday beliefs Militant religious groups are a good example of this. (b) The desire to form a majoritarian dominance or a separate state Separatist leaders and political parties in Jammu and Kashmir and Central India are an example of this. (c) The use of religious symbols and leaders in polit...
Read More →Why is it advised to tie any luggage kept on the roof of a bus with a rope?
[question] Question. Why is it advised to tie any luggage kept on the roof of a bus with a rope? [/question] [solution] Solution: Luggage on the top of the bus is a loose fixture and not a compact part of the bus. Thus, when a speeding bus brakes suddenly, the luggage continues moving forward because of inertia of motion and is likely to fall off the bus. Conversely, if a stationary bus accelerates suddenly, the luggage continues in the same state because of inertia, and hence is left behind rel...
Read More →Mention different aspects of life in which women are discriminated or disadvantaged in India.
[question] Question. Mention different aspects of life in which women are discriminated or disadvantaged in India. [/question] [solution] Solution: In India, women are discriminated and disadvantaged n the following ways: (a) They are not provided adequate education. Thus, the literacy rate among women is just 54%. (b) Most of the labour done by them is unpaid. Where they are paid for their work, they receive lesser wages than men. (c) Due to the preference for the boy child, female foeticide is...
Read More →A convex lens forms a real and inverted image of a needle at a distance of 50 cm from it.
[question] Question. A convex lens forms a real and inverted image of a needle at a distance of 50 cm from it. Where is the needle placed in front of the convex lens if the image is equal to the size of the object ? Also, find the power of the lens. [/question] [solution] solution: Given, $\mathrm{v}=+50 \mathrm{~cm}$ (positive sign is taken because real image in convex lens is formed on the right side). Since, the image is real and size of the image is equal to the size of object. $\therefore$ ...
Read More →When a carpet is beaten with a stick,
[question] Question. When a carpet is beaten with a stick, dust comes out of it. Explain. [/question] [solution] Solution: Initially, the carpet and loose dust in it are in the state of rest. When the carpet is hit with a stick, it is suddenly set into motion, but the loose dust in it remains in the state of rest because of inertia of rest. Thus, in a way, dust is left behind relative to carpet and hence comes out in air. [/solution]...
Read More →Define 1 dioptre of power of a lens.
[question] Question. Define 1 dioptre of power of a lens. [/question] [solution] solution: 1 dioptre is defined as the power of a lens of focal length 1 metre. [/solution]...
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