Explain what is meant by the Haussmanisation of Paris.
[question] Question. Explain what is meant by the Haussmanisation of Paris. To what extent would you support or oppose this form of development? Write a letter to the editor of a newspaper, to either support or oppose this, giving reasons for your view. [/question] [solution] Solution: Haussmanisation of Paris refers to the re-building of Paris by Baron Haussmann in the mid-eighteenth century. When Louis Napoleon III came to power, he appointed Haussmann as the chief architect of the new city. H...
Read More →Explain the social changes in London which led to the need for the Underground railway.
[question] Question. Explain the social changes in London which led to the need for the Underground railway. Why was the development of the Underground criticised? [/question] [solution] Solution: The development of suburbs as a part of the drive to decongest London led to the extension of the city beyond the range where people could walk to work. Though these suburbs had been built, the people could not be persuaded to leave the city and stay far away from their places of work in the absence of...
Read More →The device used for producing electric current is called a/an
[question] Question. The device used for producing electric current is called a/an (1) Generator (2) galvanometer (3) Ammeter (4) Motor [solution] solution: Option (1) Generator is correct. [/solution]...
Read More →The phenomenon of electromagnetic induction is
[question] Question. The phenomenon of electromagnetic induction is (1) The process of charging a body. (2) The process of generating magnetic field due to current passing through a coil. (3) producing induced current in a coil due to relative motion between a magnet and the coil. (4) The process of rotating a coil of an electric motor. [/question] [solution] solution: Here, option (3) is correct. [/solution]...
Read More →What forms of entertainment came up in nineteenth century England to provide leisure activities for the people.
[question] Question. What forms of entertainment came up in nineteenth century England to provide leisure activities for the people. [/question] [solution] Solution: Forms of entertainment that came up in nineteenth-century England to provide leisure activities for the people were aplenty. For the upper classes, an annual “London Season” was one of the sources of leisure. It comprised the opera, the theatre and classical music events. For the working classes, pubs, discussions and meetings for p...
Read More →An electric heater is rated 1500 W.
[question] Question. An electric heater is rated 1500 W. How much energy does it use in 10 hours ? [/question] [solution] Solution: Energy used by heater = Power × time $=1500 \mathrm{~W} \times 10 \mathrm{~h}=\frac{1500}{1000} \mathrm{~kW} \times 10 \mathrm{~h}=15 \mathrm{kWh}$ [/solution]...
Read More →Which of the following correctly describes the magnetic
[question] Question. Which of the following correctly describes the magnetic field near a long straight currentcarrying wire ? (1) The field consists of straight lines perpendicular to the wire. (2) The field consists of straight lines parallel to the wire. (3) The field consists of radial lines originating from the wire. (4) The field consists of concentric circles centered on the wire. [/question] [solution] solution: The magnetic field lines around a long straight current-carrying conductor a...
Read More →A person holds a bundle of hay over his head for 30 minutes and gets tired.
[question] Question. A person holds a bundle of hay over his head for 30 minutes and gets tired. Has he done some work or not ? Justify your answer. [/question] [solution] Solution: The person does no work because, no displacement takes place in this case. [/solution]...
Read More →Can there be displacement of an object in the absence of any force acting on it ?
[question] Question. Can there be displacement of an object in the absence of any force acting on it ? Think, discuss this question with your friends and teacher. [/question] [solution] Solution: Yes. In the absence of force, acceleration, a = 0 which means body is either at rest or it is in uniform motion. Thus, in case of uniform motion, there is a displacement but there is no force acting on the moving body. Example : When an object moves in deep space from one point to another point in a str...
Read More →Give explanations for the following: (a) Why well-off Londoners supported the need to build housing for the poor in the nineteenth century.
[question] Question. Give explanations for the following: (a) Why well-off Londoners supported the need to build housing for the poor in the nineteenth century. (b) Why a number of Bombay films were about the lives of migrants. (c) What led to the major expansion of Bombay’s population in the mid-nineteenth century. [/question] [solution] Solution: (a) Well-off Londoners supported the need to build housing for the poor in the nineteenth century on account of three reasons: one-room houses of the...
Read More →What precautions should be taken to avoid
[question] Question. What precautions should be taken to avoid the overloading of domestic electric circuit ? [/question] [solution] solution: (i) We should not connect many appliances in the same socket. (ii) Electrical appliances of high power rating should not be switched on simultaneously. (iii) Electric wires with good quality insulating covers should be used to prevent the short-circuiting. [/solution]...
Read More →What is the work done by the force of gravity
[question] Question. What is the work done by the force of gravity on a satellite moving around the earth ? Justify your answer. [/question] [solution] Solution: The work done by the force of gravity on the satellite is zero because the force of gravity acts at right angles to the direction of motion of the satellite. Therefore, displacement and force are in perpendicular directions. [/solution]...
Read More →An electric oven of 2 kW power rating is operated in
[question] Question. An electric oven of $2 \mathrm{~kW}$ power rating is operated in a domestic electric circuit $(220 \mathrm{~V})$ that has a current rating of $5 \mathrm{~A}$. What result do you expect? Explain. [/question] [solution] solution: Power, $\mathrm{P}=2 \mathrm{~kW}=2000 \mathrm{~W} ; \mathrm{V}=220 \mathrm{~V}$ Now, $\mathrm{P}=\mathrm{V} \times \mathrm{I} \quad$ or $\quad \mathrm{I}=\mathrm{P} / \mathrm{V}$ or $\mathrm{I}=(2000) / 220=9.09 \mathrm{~A} .$ This shows that current...
Read More →An object of mass 40 kg is raised to a height of 5 m above the ground.
[question] Question. An object of mass 40 kg is raised to a height of 5 m above the ground. What is its potential energy ? If the object is allowed to fall, find its kinetic energy when it is half-way down. [/question] [solution] Solution: Given, mass of object, m = 40 kg ; height, h = 5 m ; Acc. due to gravity, $g=10 \mathrm{~ms}^{-2}$ Initial potential energy at a height of 5 m, $E_{p 1}=m g h=40 \times 10 \times 5=2000 \mathrm{~J}$ Initial kinetic energy, $\mathrm{E}_{\mathrm{K} 1}=0$ Final p...
Read More →How does the existence of a large urban population affect each of the following? Illustrate with historical examples.
[question] Question. How does the existence of a large urban population affect each of the following? Illustrate with historical examples. (a) A private landlord (b) A Police Superintendent in charge of law and order (c) A leader of a political party [/question] [solution] Solution: (a) The existence of a large urban population means that there would be greater number of individuals in need of a place to stay. This increased demand for places of residence is profitable for private landlords who ...
Read More →What were the changes in the kind of work available to women in London between the nineteenth and the twentieth century?
[question] Question. What were the changes in the kind of work available to women in London between the nineteenth and the twentieth century? Explain the factors which led to this change. [question] [solution] Solution: Changes in the kind of work available to women in London between the nineteenth and the twentieth century were primarily based on industrial and technological advancements. Consequently, women had to work in households for a living, and this led to an increase in the number of do...
Read More →Name two safety measures commonly used
[question] Question. Name two safety measures commonly used in electric circuit and appliances. [/question] [solution] solution: (i) Electric fuse (ii) Earthing (or grounding). [/solution]...
Read More →Choose the correct option.
[question] Question. Choose the correct option. A rectangular coil of copper wires is rotated in a magnetic field. The direction of the induced current changes once in each (1) two revolutions (2) one revolution (3) half revolution (4) one-fourth revolution [/question] [solution] solution: The direction of induced current changes twice in one revolution i.e., it changes after every half revolution. Thus, option (3) is correct. [/solution]...
Read More →A certain household has consumed 250 units of energy during a month.
[question] Question. A certain household has consumed 250 units of energy during a month. How much energy is this in joules ? [/question] [solution] Solution: Energy consumed in a month $=250$ units $=250 \mathrm{kWh}$ $=250 \times 3.6 \times 10^{6}=9 \times 10^{8} \mathrm{~J}$ [/solution]...
Read More →Give two reasons why the population of London expanded from the middle of the eighteenth century.
[question] Question. Give two reasons why the population of London expanded from the middle of the eighteenth century. [/question] [solution] Solution: The city of London was a magnet for the migrant populations due to the job opportunities provided by its dockyards and industries. By 1750, one out of every nine people of England and Wales lived in London. So, the population of London kept expanding through the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries. During the first world war, London began manufac...
Read More →Which source produces alternating current ?
[question] Question. Which source produces alternating current ? [/question] [solution] solution: AC generator is the source which produces alternating current. [/solution]...
Read More →Does the transfer of energy take place
[question] Question. Does the transfer of energy take place when you push a huge rock with all your might and fail to move it ? Where is the energy you spend going ? [/question] [solution] Solution: Energy transfer does not take place as no displacement takes place in the direction of applied force. The energy spent is used to deform the surface of rock which cannot be seen by naked eyes. That is, it is stored in the form of elastic potential energy of the rock. [/solution]...
Read More →Name some sources of direct current.
[question] Question. Name some sources of direct current. [/question] [solution] solution: A dry cell, a battery, a solar cell, d.c. generator, etc. are some sources of direct current. [/solution]...
Read More →What are the various energy transformations
[question] Question. What are the various energy transformations that occur when you are riding a bicycle ? [question] [solution] Solution: The chemical energy of the food changes into muscular energy. On paddling, the muscular energy changes to rotational kinetic energy (i.e., mechanical energy) of the wheel. [/solution]...
Read More →Why did industrial production in India increase during the First World War?
[question] Question. Why did industrial production in India increase during the First World War? [/question] [solution] Solution: Industrial production in India increased during the First World War because British mills became busy with tending to war needs. Manchester imports decreased, and Indian mills suddenly had a huge home market to supply. Later, they were also asked to supply war needs such as jute bags, cloth for army uniforms, tents, leather boots, saddles and other items. There was so...
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