In the context of assessing democracy which among the following is odd one out. Democracies need to ensure:
[question] Question. In the context of assessing democracy which among the following is odd one out. Democracies need to ensure: Α. free and fair elections Β. dignity of the individual C. majority rule D. equal treatment before law [/question] [solution] Solution: C. majority rule [/solution]...
Read More →What does an electric circuit mean ?
[question] Question. What does an electric circuit mean ? [/question] [solution] solution: An electric circuit is a closed and continuous path consisting of many devices like resistors, electric bulbs, etc. through which an electric current flows. [/solution]...
Read More →What do you mean by acceleration due to gravity?
[question] Question. What do you mean by acceleration due to gravity? [/question] [solution] Solution: The acceleration produced in a body due to force of gravity is called acceleration due to gravity. It is denoted by g. The value of acceleration due to gravity is taken as 9.8 ms–2 at the sea level. [/solution]...
Read More →In the context of democracies, which of the following ideas is correct − democracies have successfully eliminated:
[question] Question. In the context of democracies, which of the following ideas is correct − democracies have successfully eliminated: Α. conflicts among people Β. economic inequalities among people C. differences of opinion about how marginalised sections are to be treated D. the idea of political inequality [/question] [solution] Solution: D. the idea of political inequality [/solution]...
Read More →Why does the sky appear dark instead of blue to an astronaut ?
[question] Question. Why does the sky appear dark instead of blue to an astronaut ? [/question] [solution] solution: The sky appears dark instead of blue to an astronaut because there is no atmosphere in the outer space that can scatter the sunlight. As the sunlight is not scattered, no scattered light reaches the eyes of the astronauts and the sky appears black to them. [/solution]...
Read More →What do you mean by free fall ?
[question] Question. What do you mean by free fall ? [/question] [solution] Solution: When an object moves with a constant acceleration, under the influence of force of gravitation of the earth only, the object is said to have free fall. [/solution]...
Read More →Identify the challenges to democracy in the following descriptions. Also suggest policy/institutional mechanism to deepen democracy in the given situations:
[question] Question. Identify the challenges to democracy in the following descriptions. Also suggest policy/institutional mechanism to deepen democracy in the given situations: Following a High Court directive a temple in Orissa that had separate entry doors for dalits and non-dalits allowed entry for all from the same door. A large number of farmers are committing suicide in different states of India. Following allegation of killing of three civilians in Gandwara in a fake encounter by Jammu a...
Read More →Why does the Sun appear reddish early in the morning ?
[question] Question. Why does the Sun appear reddish early in the morning ? [/question] [solution] solution: In the morning, the sun is near the horizon. Light reaching the eye of an observer travels a larger distance in the atmosphere. Thus, most of the blue light and shorter wavelength rays are scattered away by the air particles. Hence, the light that reaches the eye of an observer is of longer wavelengths (of red end). Thus, the sun appears reddish at sunrise or sunset. [/solution]...
Read More →Write the formula to find the magnitude of the gravitational force between t.
[question] Question. Write the formula to find the magnitude of the gravitational force between the earth and an object on the surface of the earth. [question] [solution] Solution: $\mathrm{F}_{\mathrm{g}}=\frac{\mathrm{GMm}}{\mathrm{R}^{2}}$ Where G is gravitational constant, M is the mass of the earth, m is the mass of the object, R is the distance between the centre of the object and the centre of the earth radius of earth. [solution]...
Read More →Give arguments to support or oppose the following assertions:
[question] Question. Give arguments to support or oppose the following assertions: Industrialised countries can afford democracy but the poor need dictatorship to become rich. Democracy can’t reduce inequality of incomes between different citizens. Government in poor countries should spend less on poverty reduction, health, education and spend more on industries and infrastructure. In democracy all citizens have one vote, which means that there is absence of any domination and conflict. [/questi...
Read More →Explain why the planets do not twinkle.
[question] Question. Explain why the planets do not twinkle. [/question] [solution] solution: The apparent size of stars is very small as compared to apparent size of planets. Thus, the star may be considered as a ‘point sized’ source of light and the planet as an ‘extended source’ of light. So, the planet can be considered as a collection of large number of ‘point sized’ sources of light, such that the dimming effect of some ‘point sources’ is nullified by the brighter effect of the other ‘poin...
Read More →State the universal law of gravitation.
[question] Question. State the universal law of gravitation. [/question] [solution] Solution: Every body in this universe attracts every other body with a force, which is directly proportional to the product of their masses and inversely proportional to the square of distance between their centres [/solution]...
Read More →Why do stars twinkle ?
[question] Question. Why do stars twinkle ? [/question] [solution] solution: Twinkling of stars can be seen on a clear night. This is due to atmospheric refraction of light coming from the stars (star light). As the star light enters into the earth’s atmosphere, atmospheric refraction takes place due to gradually changing refractive index of the air. Since the physical conditions of the refracting medium (earth’s atmospheric) are not stationary, star light flux (luminous flux) entering the eye o...
Read More →What are the conditions under which democracies accommodate social diversities?
[question] Question. What are the conditions under which democracies accommodate social diversities? [/question] [solution] Solution: Democracies accommodate social diversities when it is well understood that democracy is not just the rule of the majority, and that the rule of the majority is not just the rule of a single religious or social community. [/solution]...
Read More →large truck and a car,
[question] Question. A large truck and a car, both moving with a velocity of magnitude v, have a head-on collision. If the collision lasts for 1 s (a)Which vehicle experiences greater force of impact ? (b)Which vehicle experiences greater change in momentum ? (c)Which vehicle experiences greater acceleration ? (d)Why is the car likely to suffer more damage than the truck ? [solution] Solution: Let mass of truck $=\mathrm{M} ;$ mass of car $=\mathrm{m} ;$ velocity of truck $=\mathrm{v} ;$ time fo...
Read More →How does democracy produce an accountable, responsive and legitimate government?
[question] Question. How does democracy produce an accountable, responsive and legitimate government? [/question] [solution] Solution: Democracy produces an accountable, responsive and legitimate government by giving the citizen the right to examine the process by which decisions are made. These decisions are made according to norms and procedures which make the decisions more acceptable to the people. Added to this is the basic fact that in a democracy, the people have a right to elect their ow...
Read More →What happens to the image distance in the eye
[question] Question. What happens to the image distance in the eye when we increase the distance of an object from the eye ? [/question] [solution] solution: The size of eye cannot be increased or decreased. Therefore, the image distance remains constant. When we increase the distance of an object from the eye, the image distance in the eye does not change. The increase in the object distance is compensated by the change (increase) in the focal length of the eye lens such that the image is forme...
Read More →Why is a normal eye not able to see clearly
[question] Question. Why is a normal eye not able to see clearly the objects placed closer than 25 cm ? [/question] [solution] solution: A normal eye is unable to clearly see the objects placed closer than 25 cm because the ciliary muscles of eyes are unable to contract beyond a certain limit. If the object is placed at a distance less than 25 cm from the eye, then the object appears blurred and produces strain in the eyes. [/solution]...
Read More →Make a diagram to show how hypermetropia is corrected.
[question] Question. Make a diagram to show how hypermetropia is corrected. The near point of a hypermetropic eye is 1 m. What is the power of the lens required to correct this defect ? Assume that the near point of the normal eye is 25 cm. [/question] [solution] solution: Here, y = 1 m $\frac{1}{f}=\frac{1}{0.25}-\frac{1}{y}=\frac{1}{0.25}-\frac{1}{1}$ $=\frac{100}{25}-1=4-1=+3$ or $\mathrm{f}=+(1 / 3)=+0.3333 \mathrm{~m}=+33.33 \mathrm{~cm}$ Power, $P=\frac{1}{f}=+3$ dioptres. [/solution]...
Read More →A motorcar of mass 1200 kg is moving along a straight line
[question] Question. A motorcar of mass 1200 kg is moving along a straight line with a uniform velocity of 90 km/h. Its velocity is slowed down to18 km/h in 4 s by an unbalanced external force. Calculate the acceleration and change in momentum. Also calculate the magnitude of the force required. [/question] [solution] Solution: (i) Initial velocity of the car, $\mathrm{u}=90 \mathrm{~km} / \mathrm{h}=25 \mathrm{~ms}^{-1}$; final velocity of the car, $\mathrm{v}=18 \mathrm{~km} / \mathrm{h}=$ $5 ...
Read More →The far point of a myopic person is 80 cm in front of the eye.
[question] Question. The far point of a myopic person is 80 cm in front of the eye. What is the nature and power of the lens required to correct the problem ? [/question] [solution] solution: For myopia, focal length is given by, $\mathrm{f}=-\mathrm{x}=-80 \mathrm{~cm}=-\mathbf{0 . 8} \mathrm{m}$ Power, $\mathrm{P}=\frac{1}{\mathrm{f}}=\frac{1}{-0.8}$ $=-1.25$ dioptres. The lens is a concave lens. [/solution]...
Read More →Read the following passage and answer the questions given below:
[question] Question. Read the following passage and answer the questions given below: Muhammad Yunus is a famous economist of Bangladesh. He received several international honours for his efforts to promote economic and social development for the benefit of the poor. He and the Grameen Bank he started, jointly received the Noble Peace Prize for 2006. In February 2007, he decided to launch a political party and contest in the parliamentary elections. His objective was to foster proper leadership,...
Read More →Consider the following statements on parties.
[question] Question. Consider the following statements on parties. Α. Political parties do not enjoy much trust among the people. Β. Parties are often rocked by scandals involving top party leaders. C. Parties are not necessary to run governments. Which of the statements given above are correct? (a) A, B and C (b) A and B (c) B and C (d) A and C [/question] [solution] Solution: (b) A and B [/solution]...
Read More →A hammer of mass 500 g, moving at 50 ms–1,
[question] Question. A hammer of mass 500 g, moving at 50 ms–1, strikes a nail. The nail stops the hammer in a very short time of 0.01 s. What is the force of the nail on the hammer ? [/question] [solution] Solution: The force of nail on the hammer $F=\frac{\text { Change in momentum of hammer }}{\text { Time }}$ $\mathrm{F}=\frac{\mathrm{m}(\mathrm{v}-\mathrm{u})}{\mathrm{t}}=\frac{0.5(0-50)}{0.01}=-2500 \mathrm{~N}$ Negative sign denotes that the force of nail on the hammer is acting in the di...
Read More →What is the guiding philosophy of the Bharatiya Janata Party?
[question] Question. What is the guiding philosophy of the Bharatiya Janata Party? Α. Bahujan Samaj Β. Revolutionary democracy C. Integral humanism D. Modernity [/question] [solution] Solution: D. Modernity [/solution]...
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