How many words, with or without meaning,

Question:

How many words, with or without meaning, can be formed using all the letters of the word EQUATION at a time so that the vowels and consonants occur together?

Solution:

In the word EQUATION, there are 5 vowels, namely, A, E, I, O, and U, and 3 consonants, namely, Q, T, and N.

Since all the vowels and consonants have to occur together, both (AEIOU) and (QTN) can be assumed as single objects. Then, the permutations of these 2 objects taken all at a time are counted.  This number would be ${ }^{2} \mathrm{P}_{2}=2 !$

Corresponding to each of these permutations, there are 5! permutations of the five vowels taken all at a time and 3! permutations of the 3 consonants taken all at a time.

Hence, by multiplication principle, required number of words = 2! × 5! × 3!

= 1440

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