The mean and standard deviation of some

Solution:

Given: Number of observations $=25$, mean $=18.2$ seconds, standard deviation = $3.25$ seconds. Another set of 15 observations $x_{1}, x_{2}, \ldots, x_{15}$, also in seconds,

is $\underset{i=1}{15} x_{1}=279$ and ${ }_{i=1}^{15} x_{i}^{2}=5524$

Now we have to find the standard derivation based on all 40 observations As per the given criteria,

In first set,

Number of observations, $n_{1}=25$

Mean, $\overline{x_{1}}=18.2$

And standard deviation, $\sigma_{1}=3.25$

And

In second set,

Number of observations, $n_{2}=15$

For the first set we have

$\overline{x_{1}}=18.2=\frac{\sum x_{i}}{25}$

$\sum x_{i}=25 \times 18.2=455$

Therefore the standard deviation becomes,

$\sigma_{1}^{2}=\frac{\sum x_{i}^{2}}{25}-(18.2)^{2}$

Substituting the values, we get

$(3.25)^{2}=\frac{\sum x_{i}^{2}}{25}-331.24$

$\Rightarrow 10.5625+331.24=\frac{\sum x_{i}^{2}}{25}$

On rearranging we get

$\Rightarrow \frac{\sum x_{i}^{2}}{25}=341.8025$

On cross multiplication we get

$\Rightarrow \sum x_{i}^{2}=25 \times 341.8025=8545.06$

For the combined standard deviation of the 40 observation, $n=40$

And

$\Rightarrow \sum x_{i}^{2}=8545.06+5524=14069.69$

$\Rightarrow \sum x_{i}=455+279=734$

Therefore the standard deviation can be written as,

$\sigma=\sqrt{\frac{\sum x_{i}^{2}}{n}-\left(\frac{\sum x_{i}}{n}\right)^{2}}$

Substituting the values, we get

Therefore the standard deviation can be written as,

$\sigma=\sqrt{\frac{14069.69}{40}-\left(\frac{734}{40}\right)^{2}}$

On simplifying we get

$\sigma=\sqrt{351.7265-(18.35)^{2}}$

$\sigma=\sqrt{351.7265-336.7225}$

$\sigma=\sqrt{15.004}$

$\sigma=3.87$

Hence the standard derivation based on all 40 observations is $3.87 .$