Question:
The sum of some terms of G.P. is 315 whose first term and the common ratio are 5 and 2, respectively. Find the last term and the number of terms.
Solution:
Let the sum of n terms of the G.P. be 315.
It is known that, $\mathrm{S}_{n}=\frac{a\left(r^{n}-1\right)}{r-1}$
It is given that the first term $a$ is 5 and common ratio $r$ is 2 .
$\therefore 315=\frac{5\left(2^{n}-1\right)}{2-1}$
$\Rightarrow 2^{n}-1=63$
$\Rightarrow 2^{n}=64=(2)^{6}$
$\Rightarrow n=6$
$\therefore$ Last term of the G.P $=6^{\text {th }}$ term $=a r^{6-1}=(5)(2)^{5}=(5)(32)=160$
Thus, the last term of the G.P. is 160 .
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