What is the difference between the terms ‘hydrolysis’ and ‘hydration’?

Question:

What is the difference between the terms ‘hydrolysis’ and ‘hydration’?

Solution:

Hydrolysis is defined as a chemical reaction in which hydrogen and hydroxide ions (H+ and OH– ions) of water molecule react with a compound to form products. For example:

$\mathrm{NaH}+\mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O} \longrightarrow \mathrm{NaOH}+\mathrm{H}_{2}$

 

Hydration is defined as the addition of one or more water molecules to ions or molecules to form hydrated compounds. For example:

$\mathrm{CuSO}_{4}+5 \mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O} \longrightarrow \mathrm{CuSO}_{4} \cdot 5 \mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O}$

 

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