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Liquid Solution - JEE Advanced Previous Year Questions with Solutions

Liquid Solution questions in JEE Advanced primarily cover Henry's law, Raoult's law, colligative properties (boiling point elevation, freezing point depression, vapour pressure lowering), and van't Hoff factor. Roughly 10–12 questions appeares on this topic, with most carrying 3–4 marks each. Detailed, step-by-step solutions are provided below.
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Liquid Solution - JEE Advanced Previous Year Questions with Solutions

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JEE Advanced Previous Year Questions of Chemistry with Solutions are available at eSaral. Practicing JEE Advanced Previous Year Papers Questions of Chemistry will help the JEE aspirants in realizing the question pattern as well as help in analyzing weak & strong areas. Simulator Previous Years JEE Advance Questions

Q. The Henry’s law constant for the solubility of $\mathrm{N}_{2}$ gas in water at 298 K is 1.0 × $10^{5}$ atm. The mole fraction of N2 in air is 0.8. The number of moles of $\mathrm{N}_{2}$ from air dissolved in 10 moles of waterat 298 K and 5 atm pressure is- (A) $4.0 \times 10^{-4}$ (B) $4.0 \times 10^{-5}$ (C) $5.0 \times 10^{-4}$ (D) $4.0 \times 10^{-5}$ [JEE 2009]
Ans. (A) $\mathrm{P}_{\mathrm{N}_{2}}=\mathrm{K}_{\mathrm{H}} \mathrm{X}_{\mathrm{N}_{2}}$ $\mathrm{Y}_{\mathrm{N}_{2}} \cdot \mathrm{P}_{\mathrm{T}}=\mathrm{K}_{\mathrm{H}} \times \mathrm{N}_{2}$ $0.8 \times 5=1 \times 10^{5} \times \frac{\mathrm{n}}{\mathrm{n}+10}$ $4=10^{5} \times \frac{\mathrm{n}}{10}$ $\mathrm{n}=4 \times 10^{-4}$
Q. For a dilute solution containing 2.5 g of a non-volatile non-electrolyte solute in 100 g of water, the elevation in boiling point at 1 atm pressure is $2^{\circ} \mathrm{C}$. Assuming concentration of solute is much lower than the concentration of solvent, the vapour pressure (mm of Hg) of the solution is-(take $\left.\mathrm{K}_{\mathrm{b}}=0.76 \mathrm{K} \mathrm{kg} \mathrm{mol}^{-1}\right)$ (A) 724             (B) 740            (C) 736             (D) 718 [JEE 2011]
Ans. (A)
Q. The freezing point (in °C) of a solution containing 0.1 g of $\mathrm{K}_{3}\left[\mathrm{Fe}(\mathrm{CN})_{6}\right]$ (Mol. Wt. 329) in 100 g of water $\left(\mathrm{K}_{\mathrm{f}}=1.86 \mathrm{K} \mathrm{kg} \mathrm{mol}^{-1}\right)$ is – (A) $-2.3 \times 10^{-2}$ (B) $-5.7 \times 10^{-2}$ (C) $-5.7 \times 10^{-3}$ (D)-1.2 \times 10^{-2} [JEE 2011]
Ans. (A) $\mathrm{T}_{\mathrm{f}}^{\prime}=\mathrm{T}_{\mathrm{f}}-\Delta \mathrm{T}_{\mathrm{f}}=\mathrm{T}_{\mathrm{f}}-\mathrm{i} \mathrm{K}_{\mathrm{f}} \cdot \mathrm{m}$ $=0^{\circ} \mathrm{C}-4 \times 1.86 \times \frac{0.1 / 329}{100 / 1000}$ $=-0.023^{\circ} \mathrm{C}=-2.3 \times 10^{2} \mathrm{C}$
Q. For a dilute solution containing 2.5 g of a non-volatile non-electrolyte solute in 100 g of water, the elevation in boiling point at 1 atm pressure is 2^{\circ} \mathrm{C}. Assuming concentration of solute is much lower than the concentration of solvent, the vapour pressure (mm of Hg) of the solution is \text { (take }\left.\mathrm{K}_{\mathrm{b}}=0.76 \mathrm{K} \mathrm{kg} \mathrm{mol}^{-1}\right) (A) 724 (B) 740 (C) 736 (D) 718 [JEE 2012]
Ans. (A) $\Delta \mathrm{T}_{\mathrm{b}}=\mathrm{K}_{\mathrm{b}} \cdot \mathrm{m}$ $2=0.76 \times \frac{\mathrm{n}}{100 / 1000}$ $\mathrm{n}=0.263 \mathrm{mol}$ $\mathrm{P}_{\mathrm{S}}=\mathrm{P}^{\circ} \mathrm{x}_{\text {solvent }}=760 \times \frac{\frac{100}{18}}{\frac{100}{18}+0.263}=760 \times \frac{5.55}{5.82}=724.7$ torr
Q. Benzene and naphthalene form an ideal solution at room temperature. For this process, the true statement(s) is(are) (A) $\Delta \mathrm{G}$ is positive (B) $\Delta S_{\text {system }}$ is positive (C) $\Delta \mathrm{S}_{\text {surroundings }}=0$ (D) $\Delta \mathrm{H}=0$ [J-Adv. 2013]
Ans. (B,C,D)
Q. A compound $\mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{X}$ with molar weight of 80 g is dissolved in a solvent having density of $0.4 \mathrm{g} \mathrm{mL}^{-1}$, Assuming no change in volume upon dissolution, the molality of a 3.2 molar solution is [JEE-Adv. 2014]
Ans. 8 $\mathrm{m}=\frac{3.2 \mathrm{mol}}{0.4 \mathrm{Kg}}=8 \mathrm{mol} / \mathrm{kg}$
Q. If the freezing point of a 0.01 molal aqueous solution of a cobalt (III) chloride-ammonia complex (which behaves as a strong eletrolyte) is $-0.0558^{\circ} \mathrm{C}$ , the number of chloride (s) in the coordination sphere of the complex is- $\left[\mathrm{K}_{\mathrm{f}} \text { of water }=1.86 \mathrm{K} \mathrm{kg} \mathrm{mol}^{-1}\right]$ [JEE-Adv. 2015]
Ans. 1 0.0558 = i × 1.86 × 0.01 i = 3 $\left[\mathrm{Co}\left(\mathrm{NH}_{3}\right)_{5} \mathrm{Cl}\right] \mathrm{Cl}_{2}$
Q. Mixture(s) showing positive deviation from Raoult's law at $35^{\circ}$C is (are) (A) carbon tetrachloride + methanol (B) carbon disulphide + acetone (C) benzene + toluene (D) phenol + aniline [JEE - Adv. 2016]
Ans. (A,C) (A) H-bonding of methanol breaks when $\mathrm{CCl}_{4}$ is added so bonds become weaker, resulting positive deviation. (B) Mixing of polar and non-polar liquids will produce a solution of weaker interaction, resulting positive deviation (C) Ideal solution (D) –ve deviation because stronger H-bond is formed.
Q. For a solution formed by mixing liquids L and M, the vapour pressure of L plotted against the mole fraction of M in solution is shown in the following figure, Here $\mathrm{x}_{\mathrm{L}}$ and $\mathbf{X}_{\mathrm{M}}$ represent mole fractions of L and M, respectively, in the solution. the correct statement(s) applicable to this system is(are) - (A) Attractive intramolecular interactions between L–L in pure liquid L and M–M in pure liquid M are stronger than those between L–M when mixed in solution (B) The point $Z$ represents vapour pressure of pure liquid $\mathrm{M}$ and Raoult's law is obeyed when $\quad \mathrm{x}_{\mathrm{L}} \rightarrow 0$ (C) The point Z represents vapour pressure of pure liquid L and Raoult's law is obeyed when $\mathrm{x}_{\mathrm{L}} \rightarrow 1$ (D) The point Z represents vapour pressure of pure liquid M and Raoult's law is obeyed from $\mathrm{x}_{\mathrm{L}}=0$ to $\mathrm{x}_{\mathrm{L}}=1$ [JEE - Adv. 2017]
Ans. (A,C)
Q. Pure water freezes at 273 K and 1 bar. The addition of 34.5 g of ethanol to 500 g of water changes the freezing point of the solution. Use the freezing point depression constant of water as 2 K kg $\mathrm{mol}^{-1}$ . The figures shown below represents plots of vapour pressure (V.P.) versus temperature (T). [Molecular weight of ethanol is 46 g $\mathrm{mol}^{-1}$] Among the following, the option representing change in the freezing point is – [JEE - Adv. 2017]
Ans. (D) Ethanol should be considered non volatile as per given option $\Delta \mathrm{T}_{\mathrm{f}}=\mathrm{K}_{\mathrm{f}} \times \mathrm{m}$ $\Delta \mathrm{T}_{\mathrm{f}}=2 \times \frac{34.5}{46 \times 0.5}=3 \mathrm{K}$
Q. Liquids A and B form ideal solution over the entire range of composition. At temperature T, equimolar binary solution of liquids A and B has vapour pressure 45 Torr. At the same temperature, a new solution of A and B having mole fractions $\mathbf{X}_{\mathrm{A}}$ and $\mathrm{x}_{\mathrm{B}}$, respectively, has vapour pressure of 22.5 Torr. The value of $\mathrm{x}_{\mathrm{A}} / \mathrm{x}_{\mathrm{B}}$ in the new solution is____. (given that the vapour pressure of pure liquid A is 20 Torr at temperature T) [JEE - Adv. 2018]
Ans. 19 $45=\mathrm{P}_{\mathrm{A}}^{\mathrm{o}} \times \frac{1}{2}+\mathrm{P}_{\mathrm{B}}^{\mathrm{o}} \times \frac{1}{2}$$\mathrm{P}_{\mathrm{A}}^{\mathrm{o}}+\mathrm{P}_{\mathrm{B}}^{\circ}=90 \ldots \ldots(1)$ given $\mathrm{P}_{\mathrm{A}}^{\circ}=20$ torr $\mathrm{P}_{\mathrm{B}}^{\circ}=70 \mathrm{torr}$ $\Rightarrow 22.5$ torr $=20 \mathrm{x}_{\mathrm{A}}+70\left(1-\mathrm{x}_{\mathrm{A}}\right)$ $=70-50 \mathrm{x}_{\mathrm{A}}$ $\mathrm{x}_{\mathrm{A}}=\left(\frac{70-22.5}{50}\right)=0.95$ $\mathrm{x}_{\mathrm{B}}=0.05$ So $\frac{\mathrm{x}_{\mathrm{A}}}{\mathrm{x}_{\mathrm{B}}}=\frac{0.95}{0.05}=19$
Q. The plot given below shows P–T curves (where P is the pressure and T is the temperature) for two solvents X and Y and isomolal solutions of NaCl in these solvents. NaCl completely dissociates in both the solvents. On addition of equal number of moles a non-volatile solute S in equal amount (in kg) of these solvents, the elevation of boiling point of solvent X is three times that of solvent Y. Solute S is known to undergo dimerization in these solvents. If the degree of dimerization is 0.7 in solvent Y, the degree of dimerization in solvent X is ___. [JEE - Adv. 2018]
Ans. 0.05 From graph

Frequently Asked Questions

Find answers to common questions.

How do you identify positive vs. negative deviation from Raoult's law?

Positive deviation occurs when A–B intermolecular forces in the mixture are weaker than A–A or B–B forces in pure liquids (e.g., CCl₄ + methanol, CS₂ + acetone). Vapour pressure increases above the Raoult's law line. Negative deviation occurs when A–B forces are stronger than in pure components (e.g., phenol + aniline, chloroform + acetone). Vapour pressure falls below the ideal line.

What is the van't Hoff factor and why does it matter in JEE Advanced?

The van't Hoff factor (i) corrects colligative property formulas for solutes that dissociate (i > 1) or associate (i < 1) in solution. JEE Advanced routinely hides i inside questions about coordination compounds or dimerizing solutes. Calculating i incorrectly is the single most common error in this chapter. Always check whether the solute is an electrolyte, a complex, or an associating molecule before writing any formula.

Is Liquid Solution important for JEE Advanced?

iquid Solution consistently appears in JEE Advanced every year. From 2009 to 2018, at least one question per paper came from this chapter, and many years had two or three questions. Colligative properties and Raoult's law are the most frequently tested subtopics. Given the relatively contained syllabus, this chapter offers a high return on study time.

How is eSaral's approach to Physical Chemistry different from other platforms?

eSaral's Physical Chemistry is taught by IIT Bombay faculty, including AIR-41 rankers, who teach the same Kota-quality problem-solving methods online at a fraction of the cost. The 5-layer doubt solving system ensures no question stays unresolved, and the structured PYQ practice with detailed solution videos mirrors the approach used by JEE toppers who consistently clear the Advanced cutoff

Which topics in Liquid Solution are asked most in JEE Advanced?

Based on the recent data: colligative properties (boiling point elevation, freezing point depression) appear in ~60% of years, Raoult's law deviations in ~40%, Henry's law in ~20%, and thermodynamics of mixing in ~10%. Prioritise colligative properties and Raoult's law graph interpretation for maximum marks impact.

What is Henry's law and how is it applied in JEE Advanced questions?

Henry's law states that the partial pressure of a gas above a solution equals the Henry's law constant multiplied by the mole fraction of the gas dissolved: P = K_H × x. In JEE Advanced, always calculate the partial pressure of the gas using Dalton's law (P_gas = mole fraction in gas phase × total pressure) before applying Henry's law. The mole fraction in the gas phase and in solution are different quantities.

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Comments

Xxx
Feb. 8, 2025, 8:36 a.m.
Pls give proper explanation
Lucky
May 4, 2023, 6:35 a.m.
2022 tak ke pyq dal do
Lucky
May 4, 2023, 6:35 a.m.
2022 tak ke pyq dal do
rajesh kshetrapal
June 6, 2021, 2:56 p.m.
jee adv 2016 ans error hai
rajesh kshetrapal
June 6, 2021, 2:30 p.m.
sir, kindly i request to u that pls upload full pyq s of liquid solution
Bamniya
Sept. 25, 2020, 1:11 p.m.
Amazing
Bharath
Sept. 23, 2020, 11:28 a.m.
Excellent
himanshuuu
May 28, 2020, 7:04 p.m.
katai zehr
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