Evaluate the following integrals:
$\int\left\{3 \sin x-4 \cos x+\frac{5}{\cos ^{2} x}-\frac{6}{\sin ^{2} x}+\tan ^{2} x-\cot ^{2} x\right\} d x$
Let $I=\int\left\{3 \sin x-4 \cos x+\frac{5}{\cos ^{2} x}-\frac{6}{\sin ^{2} x}+\tan ^{2} x-\cot ^{2} x\right\} d x$
$\Rightarrow I=\int\left\{3 \sin x-4 \cos x+5 \sec ^{2} x-6 \operatorname{cosec}^{2} x+\tan ^{2} x-\cot ^{2} x\right\} d x$
We have $\sec ^{2} \theta-\tan ^{2} \theta=\operatorname{cosec}^{2} \theta-\cot ^{2} \theta=1$
$\Rightarrow I=\int\left\{3 \sin x-4 \cos x+5 \sec ^{2} x-6 \operatorname{cosec}^{2} x+\left(\sec ^{2} x-1\right)\right.$
$\left.-\left(\operatorname{cosec}^{2} x-1\right)\right\} d x$
$\Rightarrow I=\int\left\{3 \sin x-4 \cos x+5 \sec ^{2} x-6 \operatorname{cosec}^{2} x+\sec ^{2} x-1-\operatorname{cosec}^{2} x\right.$
$+1\} d x$
$\Rightarrow I=\int\left\{3 \sin x-4 \cos x+6 \sec ^{2} x-7 \operatorname{cosec}^{2} x\right\} d x$
$\Rightarrow I=\int 3 \sin x d x-\int 4 \cos x d x+\int 6 \sec ^{2} x d x-\int 7 \operatorname{cosec}^{2} x d x$
$\Rightarrow I=3 \int \sin x d x-4 \int \cos x d x+6 \int \sec ^{2} x d x-7 \int \operatorname{cosec}^{2} x d x$
Recall $\int \sec ^{2} x d x=\tan x+c$ and $\int \sin x d x=-\cos x+c$
We also have $\int \operatorname{cosec}^{2} x d x=-\cot x+c$ and $\int \cos x d x=\sin x+c$
$\Rightarrow I=3(-\cos x)-4(\sin x)+6(\tan x)-7(-\cot x)+c$
$\therefore I=-3 \cos x-4 \sin x+6 \tan x+7 \cot x+c$
Thus,
$\int\left\{3 \sin x-4 \cos x+\frac{5}{\cos ^{2} x}-\frac{6}{\sin ^{2} x}+\tan ^{2} x-\cot ^{2} x\right\} d x=-3 \cos x-4 \sin x+$ $6 \tan x+7 \cot x+c$
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All Study Material
- JEE Main
- Exam Pattern
- Previous Year Papers
- PYQ Chapterwise
- Physics
- Kinematics 1D
- Kinemetics 2D
- Friction
- Work, Power, Energy
- Centre of Mass and Collision
- Rotational Dynamics
- Gravitation
- Calorimetry
- Elasticity
- Thermal Expansion
- Heat Transfer
- Kinetic Theory of Gases
- Thermodynamics
- Simple Harmonic Motion
- Wave on String
- Sound waves
- Fluid Mechanics
- Electrostatics
- Current Electricity
- Capacitor
- Magnetism and Matter
- Electromagnetic Induction
- Atomic Structure
- Dual Nature of Matter
- Nuclear Physics
- Radioactivity
- Semiconductors
- Communication System
- Error in Measurement & instruments
- Alternating Current
- Electromagnetic Waves
- Wave Optics
- X-Rays
- All Subjects
- Physics
- Motion in a Plane
- Law of Motion
- Work, Energy and Power
- Systems of Particles and Rotational Motion
- Gravitation
- Mechanical Properties of Solids
- Mechanical Properties of Fluids
- Thermal Properties of matter
- Thermodynamics
- Kinetic Theory
- Oscillations
- Waves
- Electric Charge and Fields
- Electrostatic Potential and Capacitance
- Current Electricity
- Thermoelectric Effects of Electric Current
- Heating Effects of Electric Current
- Moving Charges and Magnetism
- Magnetism and Matter
- Electromagnetic Induction
- Alternating Current
- Electromagnetic Wave
- Ray Optics and Optical Instruments
- Wave Optics
- Dual Nature of Radiation and Matter
- Atoms
- Nuclei
- Semiconductor Electronics: Materials, Devices and Simple Circuits.
- Chemical Effects of Electric Current,