In a workshop, there are five machines and

Question:

In a workshop, there are five machines and the probability of any one of them to be out of service on a day is $\frac{1}{4}$. If the probability that at most two machines will be out of service on the same day is $\left(\frac{3}{4}\right)^{3} k$, then $k$ is equal to:

  1. (1) $\frac{17}{8}$

  2. (2) $\frac{17}{4}$

  3. (3) $\frac{17}{2}$

  4. (4) 4


Correct Option: 1

Solution:

Required probability $=$ when no machine has fault $+$ when only one machine has fault $+$ when only two machines have fault.

$={ }^{5} C_{0}\left(\frac{3}{4}\right)^{5}+{ }^{5} C_{1}\left(\frac{1}{4}\right)\left(\frac{3}{4}\right)^{4}+{ }^{5} C_{2}\left(\frac{1}{4}\right)^{2}\left(\frac{3}{4}\right)^{3}$

$=\frac{243}{1024}+\frac{405}{1024}+\frac{270}{1024}=\frac{918}{1024}=\frac{459}{512}=\frac{27 \times 17}{64 \times 8}$

$=\left(\frac{3}{4}\right)^{3} \times k=\left(\frac{3}{4}\right)^{3} \times \frac{17}{8}$

$\therefore \quad k=\frac{17}{8}$

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