Let R be a relation defined on the set of natural numbers N as
R = {(x, y) : x, y ∈ N, 2x + y = 41}
Find the domain and range of R. Also, verify whether R is (i) reflexive, (ii) symmetric (iii) transitive.
Domain of R is the values of x and range of R is the values of y that together should satisfy 2x+y = 41.
So,
Domain of R = {1, 2, 3, 4, ... , 20}
Range of R = {1, 3, 5, ... , 37, 39}
Reflexivity: Let x be an arbitrary element of R. Then,
$x \in R$
$\Rightarrow 2 x+x=41$ cannot be true.
$\Rightarrow(x, x) \notin R$
So, $R$ is not reflexive.
Symmetry:
Let $(x, y) \in R$. Then,
$2 x+y=41$
$\not \Rightarrow 2 y+x=41$
$\Rightarrow(y, x) \notin R$
So, $R$ is not symmetric.
Transitivity:
Let $(x, y)$ and $(y, z) \in R$
$\Rightarrow 2 x+y=41$ and $2 y+z=41$
$\Rightarrow 2 x+z=2 x+41-2 y 41-y-2 y=41-3 y$
$\Rightarrow(x, z) \notin R$
Thus, $R$ is not transitive.
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