Question:
Tick (✓) the correct answer:
A number exceeds 20% of itself by 40. The number is
(a) 50
(b) 60
(c) 80
(d) 320
Solution:
(a) 50
Let $x$ be the required number. Then, we have:
$20 \%$ of $x+40=x$
$\Rightarrow\left(x \times \frac{20}{100}\right)+40=x$
$\Rightarrow \frac{20 x}{100}+40=x$
$\Rightarrow\left(\frac{20 x}{100}-x\right)=-40$
$\Rightarrow \frac{-80 x}{100}=-40$
$\Rightarrow x=\left(40 \times \frac{100}{80}\right)$
$\Rightarrow x=50$
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