Why E° values for Mn,

Question:

Why E° values for Mn, Ni and Zn are more negative than expected?

Solution:

Mn2+(3d5) and Zn2+(3d10) have half-filled and filled d orbitals which give them stability and therefore prefer to stay that way and not get reduced. As for Ni2+(3d8), it has

very high negative hydration enthalpy which gets balanced by first and second ionization enthalpy.

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