Prove that $(\vec{a}+\vec{b}) \cdot(\vec{a}+\vec{b})=|\vec{a}|^{2}+|\vec{b}|^{2}$, if and only if $\vec{a}, \vec{b}$ are perpendicular, given $\vec{a} \neq \overrightarrow{0}, \vec{b} \neq \overrightarrow{0}$.
$(\vec{a}+\vec{b}) \cdot(\vec{a}+\vec{b})=|\vec{a}|^{2}+|\vec{b}|^{2}$
$\Leftrightarrow \vec{a} \cdot \vec{a}+\vec{a} \cdot \vec{b}+\vec{b} \cdot \vec{a}+\vec{b} \cdot \vec{b}=|\vec{a}|^{2}+|\vec{b}|^{2}$ [Distributivity of scalar products over addition]
$\Leftrightarrow|\vec{a}|^{2}+2 \vec{a} \cdot \vec{b}+|\vec{b}|^{2}=|\vec{a}|^{2}+|\vec{b}|^{2}$ $[\vec{a} \cdot \vec{b}=\vec{b} \cdot \vec{a}$ (Scalar product is commutative) $]$
$\Leftrightarrow 2 \vec{a} \cdot \vec{b}=0$
$\Leftrightarrow \vec{a} \cdot \vec{b}=0$
$\therefore \vec{a}$ and $\vec{b}$ are perpendicular. $[\vec{a} \neq \overrightarrow{0}, \vec{b} \neq \overrightarrow{0}$ (Given) $]$
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All Study Material
- JEE Main
- Exam Pattern
- Previous Year Papers
- PYQ Chapterwise
- Physics
- Kinematics 1D
- Kinemetics 2D
- Friction
- Work, Power, Energy
- Centre of Mass and Collision
- Rotational Dynamics
- Gravitation
- Calorimetry
- Elasticity
- Thermal Expansion
- Heat Transfer
- Kinetic Theory of Gases
- Thermodynamics
- Simple Harmonic Motion
- Wave on String
- Sound waves
- Fluid Mechanics
- Electrostatics
- Current Electricity
- Capacitor
- Magnetism and Matter
- Electromagnetic Induction
- Atomic Structure
- Dual Nature of Matter
- Nuclear Physics
- Radioactivity
- Semiconductors
- Communication System
- Error in Measurement & instruments
- Alternating Current
- Electromagnetic Waves
- Wave Optics
- X-Rays
- All Subjects
- Physics
- Motion in a Plane
- Law of Motion
- Work, Energy and Power
- Systems of Particles and Rotational Motion
- Gravitation
- Mechanical Properties of Solids
- Mechanical Properties of Fluids
- Thermal Properties of matter
- Thermodynamics
- Kinetic Theory
- Oscillations
- Waves
- Electric Charge and Fields
- Electrostatic Potential and Capacitance
- Current Electricity
- Thermoelectric Effects of Electric Current
- Heating Effects of Electric Current
- Moving Charges and Magnetism
- Magnetism and Matter
- Electromagnetic Induction
- Alternating Current
- Electromagnetic Wave
- Ray Optics and Optical Instruments
- Wave Optics
- Dual Nature of Radiation and Matter
- Atoms
- Nuclei
- Semiconductor Electronics: Materials, Devices and Simple Circuits.
- Chemical Effects of Electric Current,