After rationalising the denominator

Question: After rationalising the denominator of $\frac{7}{3 \sqrt{3}-2 \sqrt{2}}$, we get the denominator as (a) 13 (b) 19 (c) 5 (d) 35 Solution: $\frac{7}{3 \sqrt{3}-2 \sqrt{2}}=\frac{7}{3 \sqrt{3}-2 \sqrt{2}} \cdot \frac{3 \sqrt{3}+2 \sqrt{2}}{3 \sqrt{3}+2 \sqrt{2}}$ [multiplying numerator and denominator by $3 \sqrt{3}+2 \sqrt{2}$ ] $=\frac{7(3 \sqrt{3}+2 \sqrt{2})}{(3 \sqrt{3})^{2}-(2 \sqrt{2})^{2}}$ [using identity $(a-b)(a+b)=a^{2}-b^{2}$ ] $=\frac{7(3 \sqrt{3}+2 \sqrt{2})}{27-8}$ $\left[...

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Solve this

Question: $(1+\tan \theta+\cot \theta)(\sin \theta-\cos \theta)=\left(\frac{\sec \theta}{\operatorname{cosec}^{2} \theta}-\frac{\operatorname{cosec} \theta}{\sec ^{2} \theta}\right)$ Solution: $\mathrm{LHS}=(1+\tan \theta+\cot \theta)(\sin \theta-\cos \theta)$ $=\sin \theta+\tan \theta \sin \theta+\cot \theta \sin \theta-\cos \theta-\tan \theta \cos \theta-\cot \theta \cos \theta$ $=\sin \theta+\tan \theta \sin \theta+\frac{\cos \theta}{\sin \theta} \times \sin \theta-\cos \theta-\frac{\sin \the...

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Prove the following

Question: $\frac{1}{\sqrt{9}-\sqrt{8}}$ is equal to (a) $\frac{1}{2}(3-2 \sqrt{2})$ (b) $\frac{1}{3+2 \sqrt{2}}$ (c) $3-2 \sqrt{2}$ (d) $3+2 \sqrt{2}$ Solution: $\frac{1}{\sqrt{9}-\sqrt{8}}=\frac{1}{3-2 \sqrt{2}}=\frac{1}{3-2 \sqrt{2}} \cdot \frac{3+2 \sqrt{2}}{3+2 \sqrt{2}}$ $[\because \sqrt{8}=\sqrt{2 \times 2 \times 2}=2 \sqrt{2}]$ [multiplying numerator and denominator by $3+2 \sqrt{2}]$ $=\frac{3+2 \sqrt{2}}{9-(2 \sqrt{2})^{2}}$ [using identity $(a-b)(a+b)=a^{2}-b^{2}$ ] $=\frac{3+2 \sqrt{2...

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The number obtained on rationalising

Question: The number obtained on rationalising the denominator of $\frac{1}{\sqrt{7}-2}$ is (a) $\frac{\sqrt{7}+2}{3}$ (b) $\frac{\sqrt{7}-2}{3}$ (c) $\frac{\sqrt{7}+2}{5}$ (d) $\frac{\sqrt{7}+2}{45}$ Solution: (a) $\frac{1}{\sqrt{7}-2}=\frac{1}{\sqrt{7}-2} \cdot \frac{\sqrt{7}+2}{\sqrt{7}+2} \quad$ [multiplying numerator and denominator by $\left.\sqrt{7}+2\right]$ $=\frac{\sqrt{7}+2}{(\sqrt{7})^{2}-(2)^{2}}=\frac{\sqrt{7}+2}{7-4}=\frac{\sqrt{7}+2}{3} \quad$ [using identity $(a-b)(a+b)=a^{2}-b^...

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Prove that:

Question: Prove that: $\left|\begin{array}{ccc}a b c \\ a-b b-c c-a \\ b+c c+a a+b\end{array}\right|=a^{3}+b^{3}+c^{3}-3 a b c$ Solution: $\Delta=\left|\begin{array}{ccc}a b c \\ a-b b-c c-a \\ b+c c+a a+b\end{array}\right|$ $=\left|\begin{array}{ccc}a b c \\ a-b b-c c-a \\ a+b+c c+a+b a+b+c\end{array}\right| \quad$ [Applying $R_{3} \rightarrow R_{3}+R_{2}$ ] $=\left(\begin{array}{c}a+b+c \\ \end{array}\right)\left|\begin{array}{ccc}a b c \\ a-b b-c c-a \\ 1 1 1\end{array}\right| \quad$ [Taking ...

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Show that

Question: If $\Delta=\left|\begin{array}{lll}1 x x^{2} \\ 1 y y^{2} \\ 1 z z^{2}\end{array}\right|, \Delta_{1}=\left|\begin{array}{ccc}1 1 1 \\ y z z x x y \\ x y z\end{array}\right|$, then prove that $\Delta+\Delta_{1}=0$. Solution: $\Delta+\Delta_{1}=\left|\begin{array}{lll}1 x x^{2} \\ 1 y y^{2} \\ 1 z z^{2}\end{array}\right|+\left|\begin{array}{ccc}1 1 1 \\ y z z x x y \\ x y z\end{array}\right|$ $=\left|\begin{array}{lll}1 x x^{2} \\ 1 y y^{2} \\ 1 z z^{2}\end{array}\right|+\left|\begin{arr...

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Evaluate the following:

Question: Evaluate the following: $\left|\begin{array}{ccc}a+x y z \\ x a+y z \\ x y a+z\end{array}\right|$ Solution: Let $\Delta=\left|\begin{array}{ccc}a+x y z \\ x a+y z \\ x y a+z\end{array}\right|$ $\Delta=\left|\begin{array}{ccc}a+x y z \\ x a+y z \\ x y a+z\end{array}\right|$ $=\left|\begin{array}{ccc}a+x+y+z y z \\ a+x+y+z a+y z \\ a+x+y+z y a+z\end{array}\right|$ [Applying $C_{1} \rightarrow C_{1}+C_{2}+C_{3}$ ] $=(a+x+y+z)\left|\begin{array}{ccc}1 y z \\ 1 a+y z \\ 1 y a+z\end{array}\r...

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Prove the following

Question: $\sqrt{10}, \sqrt{15}$ is equal to (a) $6 \sqrt{5}$ (b) $5 \sqrt{6}$ (c) $7 \sqrt{5}$ (d) $10 \sqrt{5}$ Solution: (b) $\sqrt{10}, \sqrt{15}=\sqrt{2} .5 \sqrt{3} .5=\sqrt{2} \sqrt{5} \sqrt{3} \sqrt{5}==5 \sqrt{6}$...

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The value of

Question: The value of $2 \sqrt{3}+\sqrt{3}$ is (a) $2 \sqrt{6}$ (b) 6 (c) $3 \sqrt{3}$ (d) $4 \sqrt{6}$ Solution: $2 \sqrt{3}+\sqrt{3}=\sqrt{3}(2+1)=3 \sqrt{3}$...

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The value of 1.999... in the form of

Question: The value of $1.999$... in the form of $\mathrm{p} / \mathrm{q}$, where $p$ and $q$ are integers and (a) $\frac{19}{10}$ (b) $\frac{1999}{1000}$ (c) 2 (d) $\frac{1}{9}$ Solution: (c) Let $x=1.999 . . .$ Now, $\quad 10 x=19.999 \ldots$ On subtracting Eq. (i) from Eq. (ii), we get $10 x-x=(19.999 \ldots)-(1.9999 \ldots)$ $\Rightarrow \quad 9 x=18$ $\therefore$ $x=\frac{18}{9}=2$...

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A rational number between

Question: A rational number between $\sqrt{2}$ and $\sqrt{3}$ is (a) $\frac{\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{3}}{2}$ (b) $\frac{\sqrt{2} \cdot \sqrt{3}}{2}$ (c) $1.5$ (d) $1.8$ Solution: (c) A rational number between $(\sqrt{2}$ and $\sqrt{3})$ i.e., $1.414$ and $1.732$. (a) $\frac{\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{3}}{2}$, which is an irrational number, so it is not a solution. (b) $\frac{\sqrt{2} \cdot \sqrt{3}}{2}=\frac{\sqrt{6}}{2}$, which is an irrational number, so it is not a solution. Now, $1.5$ and $1.8$ both are the ratio...

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Which of the following is irrational?

Question: Which of the following is irrational? (a) $0.14$ (b) $0.14 \overline{16}$ (c) $0 . \overline{1416}$ (d) $0.4014001400014$ Solution: (d) An irrational number is non-terminating non-recurring which is $0.4014001400014 \ldots .$ Here, $0.14$ is terminating and $0.14 \overline{6}, . \overline{1416}$ are non-terminating recurring....

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Which of the following is irrational?

Question: Which of the following is irrational? (a) $\sqrt{\frac{4}{9}}$ (b) $\frac{\sqrt{12}}{\sqrt{3}}$ (c) $\sqrt{7}$ (d) $\sqrt{81}$ Solution: (c) $\sqrt{\frac{4}{9}}=\frac{2}{3}$ (rational) $\frac{\sqrt{12}}{\sqrt{3}}=\frac{2 \sqrt{3}}{\sqrt{3}}=2$ (rational) $\sqrt{81}=9$ (rational) but $\sqrt{7}$ is an irrational number. Hence, $\sqrt{7}$ is an irrational number....

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The decimal expansion of the number

Question: The decimal expansion of the number $\sqrt{2}$ is (a) a finite decimal (b) $1.41421$ (c) non-terminating recurring (d) non-terminating non-recurring Solution: The decimal expansion of the number $\sqrt{2}$ is non-terminating non-recurring. Because $\sqrt{2}$ is an irrational number. Also, we know that an irrational number is non-terminating non-recurring....

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The product of any two irrational numbers is

Question: The product of any two irrational numbers is (a) always an irrational number (b) always a rational number (c) always an integer (d) sometimes rational, sometimes irrational Solution: (d) We know that, the product of any two irrational numbers is sometimes rational and sometimes irrational. e.g., $\sqrt{2} \times \sqrt{2}=2$ (rational) and $\sqrt{2} \times \sqrt{3}=\sqrt{6}$ (irrational)...

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Decimal representation of a rational number cannot be

Question: Decimal representation of a rational number cannot be (a) terminating (b) non-terminating (c) non-terminating repeating (d) non-terminating non-repeating Solution: (d) Decimal representation of a rational number cannot be non-terminating non-repeating because the decimal expansion of rational number is either terminating or non-terminating recurring (repeating)....

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Between two rational numbers

Question: Between two rational numbers (a) there is no rational number (b) there is exactly one rational number (c) there are infinitely many rational numbers (d) there are only rational numbers and no irrational numbers Solution: (c) Between two rational numbers, there are infinitely many rational numbers. e.g., $\frac{3}{5}$ and $\frac{4}{5}$ are two rational numbers, then $\frac{31}{50}, \frac{32}{50}, \frac{33}{50}, \frac{34}{50}, \frac{35}{50}, \ldots$ are infinite rational numbers between ...

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Every rational number is

Question: Every rational number is (a) a natural number (b) an integer (c) a real number (d) a whole number Solution: (c) Since, real numbers are the combination of rational and irrational numbers. Hence, every rational number is a real number....

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Find six rational numbers between 3 and 4 .

Question: Find six rational numbers between 3 and 4 . Solution: There can be infinitely many rationals between 3 and 4 , one way is to take them $3=\frac{21}{7}$ and $4=\frac{28}{7} .$ $(\because 6+1=7)$ First rational number between 3 and 4 $q_{1}=\left(\right.$ rational number between $\frac{21}{7}$ and $\left.\frac{28}{7}\right)=\frac{\frac{21}{7}+\frac{28}{7}}{2}=\frac{\frac{49}{7}}{2}=\frac{7}{2}$ $\therefore \quad \frac{21}{7}\frac{7}{2}\frac{28}{7}$ Second rational number between 3 and 4 ...

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Is zero a rational number?

Question: Is zero a rational number? Can you write it in the form $\frac{p}{q}$, where $p$ and $q$ are integers and $q \neq 0$ ? Solution: Yes, write $\frac{0}{1}$ (where 0 and 1 are integers and $q=1$ which is not equal to zero)....

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Evaluate the following:

Question: Evaluate the following: $\left|\begin{array}{ccc}0 x y^{2} x z^{2} \\ x^{2} y 0 y z^{2} \\ x^{2} z z y^{2} 0\end{array}\right|$ Solution: Let $\Delta=\left|\begin{array}{ccc}0 x y^{2} x z^{2} \\ x^{2} y 0 y z^{2} \\ x^{2} z z y^{2} 0\end{array}\right|$ $\Delta=\left|\begin{array}{ccc}0 x y^{2} x z^{2} \\ x^{2} y 0 y z^{2} \\ x^{2} z z y^{2} 0\end{array}\right|$ $=x^{2} y^{2} z^{2}\left|\begin{array}{ccc}0 x x \\ y 0 y \\ z z 0\end{array}\right| \quad\left[\right.$ Taking $x^{2}$ common...

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Evaluate the following:

Question: Evaluate the following: $\left|\begin{array}{lll}x 1 1 \\ 1 x 1 \\ 1 1 x\end{array}\right|$ Solution: Let $\Delta=\left|\begin{array}{lll}x 1 1 \\ 1 x 1 \\ 1 1 x\end{array}\right|$ $\Delta=\left|\begin{array}{lll}x 1 1 \\ 1 x 1 \\ 1 1 x\end{array}\right|$ $=\left|\begin{array}{ccc}x-1 1-x 0 \\ 1 x 1 \\ 0 1-x x-1\end{array}\right| \quad\left[\right.$ Applying $R_{1} \rightarrow R_{1}-R_{2}$ and $\left.R_{3} \rightarrow R_{3}-R_{2}\right]$ $=(x-1)^{2}\left|\begin{array}{ccc}1 -1 0 \\ 1 x...

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Evaluate:

Question: Evaluate: $\left|\begin{array}{lll}a b c \\ c a b \\ b c a\end{array}\right|$ Solution: $\Delta=\left|\begin{array}{lll}a b c \\ c a b \\ b c a\end{array}\right|$ $=a\left(a^{2}-b c\right)-b\left(c a-b^{2}\right)+c\left(c^{2}-b a\right)$ $=a^{3}-a b c-b c a+b^{3}+c^{3}-a b c$ $=a^{3}+b^{3}+c^{3}-3 a b c=(a+b+c)\left(a^{2}+b^{2}+c^{2}-a b-b c-c a\right)$...

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Evaluate :

Question: Evaluate : $\left|\begin{array}{ccc}x+\lambda x x \\ x x+\lambda x \\ x x x+\lambda\end{array}\right|$ Solution: $\Delta=\left|\begin{array}{ccc}x+\lambda x x \\ x x+\lambda x \\ x x x+\lambda\end{array}\right|$ $=\left|\begin{array}{rrr}\lambda 0 x \\ -\lambda \lambda x \\ 0 -\lambda x+\lambda\end{array}\right| \quad\left[\right.$ Applying $\left.C_{1} \rightarrow C_{1}-C_{2}, C_{2} \rightarrow C_{2}-C_{3}\right]$ $=\left|\begin{array}{ccc}\lambda 0 x \\ -\lambda 0 2 x+\lambda \\ 0 -\...

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(a) A cube of side 5cm is immersed in

Question: (a) A cube of side $5 \mathrm{~cm}$ is immersed in water and then in saturated salt solution. In which case will it experience a greater buoyant force. If each side of the cube is reduced to $4 \mathrm{~cm}$ and then immersed in water, what will be the effect on the buoyant force experienced by the cubeas compared to the first case for water. Give reason for each case. (CBSE 2012) (b) A ball weighing $4 \mathrm{~kg}$ of density $4000 \mathrm{~kg} \mathrm{~m}^{-3}$ is completely immerse...

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