At a stage of their cycle, ascomycetes fungi produce the fruiting bodies
Question: At a stage of their cycle, ascomycetes fungi produce the fruiting bodies like apothecium, perithecium or cleistothecium. How are these three types of fruiting bodies different from each other? Solution: Apothecium: Its a saucer or cup-shaped, open fruiting body. Perithecium: Flask shaped fruiting body. With an opening lid called the ostiole. Cleistothecium: Its a closed spherical structure. Ostiole is absent....
Read More →Cyanobacteria and heterotrophic bacteria have been clubbed
Question: Cyanobacteria and heterotrophic bacteria have been clubbed together in Eubacteria of kingdom Monera as per the Five Kingdom Classification even though the two are vastly different from each other. Is this grouping of the two types of taxa in the same kingdom justified? If so, why? Solution: Cyanobacteria synthesis their food and they are autotrophic. Heterotrophic bacteria depend on other organisms for their food. Both Cyanobacteria and heterotrophic bacteria are categorised under Euba...
Read More →Neurospora – an ascomycetes fungus has been used as a biological
Question: Neurospora an ascomycetes fungus has been used as a biological tool to understand the mechanism of plant genetics much in the same way as Drosophila has been used to study animal genetics. What makes Neurospora so important as a genetic tool? Solution: Neurospora is used as a genetic tool because Fastest growing in vitro can be grown in minimal media. Due to its haploid nature it can express both dominant as well as recessive traits. Analysis of genetic combination is facilitated by th...
Read More →There is a myth that immediately after heavy rains in forest,
Question: There is a myth that immediately after heavy rains in forest, mushrooms appear in large number and make a very large ring or circle, which may be several metres in diameter. These are called Fairy rings. Can you explain this myth of fairy rings in biological terms? Solution: This naturally occurring ring or arch of mushrooms, occurring as a common turf disease, is identified as large dead rings or arch of grass in lawns during the spring or summer and is known as a fairy rings....
Read More →Diatoms are also called as ‘pearls of the ocean’,
Question: Diatoms are also called as pearls of the ocean, why? What is diatomaceous earth? Solution: Diatoms are majorly phytoplanktons which are the chief producers of ocean. Hence known as pearls of oceans...
Read More →In the five-kingdom system of Whittaker,
Question: In the five-kingdom system of Whittaker, how many kingdoms are eukaryotes? Solution: Eukaryotes are the organisms whose nucleus and cell is bounded by a membrane. Four kingdoms have eukaryotic organisms- a) Protista b) Fungi c) Plantae d)Animalia....
Read More →A virus is considered as a living organism and an obligate
Question: A virus is considered as a living organism and an obligate parasite when inside a host cell. But the virus is not classified along with bacteria or fungi. What are the characters of the virus that are similar to non-living objects? Solution: 1. Viruses have no complete cellular structure. 2. Dont show growth, division, metabolism and lack respiration. 3. High specific gravity 4. Dont follow Robert Kochs postulate 5. Cannot be grown under in vitro condition....
Read More →The common name of pea is simpler than its botanical (scientific)
Question: The common name of pea is simpler than its botanical (scientific) name Pisum sativum. Why then is the simpler common name not used instead of the complex scientific/ botanical name in biology? Solution: Pea is known by different names in different countries. So instead of calling a variety of names, scientific names are provided which are same in the world throughout. It is worldwide standardization of name....
Read More →Are chemosynthetic bacteria-autotrophic
Question: Are chemosynthetic bacteria-autotrophic or heterotrophic? Solution: Chemosynthetic bacteria are autotrophic. They gain energy for the synthesis of food by oxidising inorganic substances....
Read More →Polluted water bodies have usually
Question: Polluted water bodies have usually a very high abundance of plants like Nostoc and Oscillitoria. Give reasons. Solution: Polluted water bodies are rich in nutrients especially in nitrogen content which provides favourable condition to algae like Nostoc and Oscillotoria to bloom in the water bodies....
Read More →How is the five-kingdom classification
Question: How is the five-kingdom classification advantageous over the two kingdom classification? Solution: Two kingdom classifications did not distinguish between the prokaryotes and eukaryotes They did not distinguish between unicellular and multicellular organisms They also did not distinguish between autotrophic/photosynthetic and heterotrophic/non-photosynthetic organisms....
Read More →Suppose you accidentally find an old preserved permanent
Question: Suppose you accidentally find an old preserved permanent slide without a label. In your effort to identify it, you place the slide under the microscope and observe the following features:- a. Unicellular b. Well defined nucleus c. Biflagellateone flagellum lying longitudinally and the other transversely. What would you identify it as? Can you name the kingdom it belongs to? Solution: According to the listed features, the organism must be a dinoflagellate. All the eukaryotic unicellular...
Read More →Evaluate the following limits:
Question: Evaluate the following limits: $\lim _{x \rightarrow a} \frac{(\cos x-\cos a)}{(x-a)}$ Solution: $=\lim _{x \rightarrow a} \frac{(\cos x-\cos a)}{(x-a)}$ $=\lim _{x \rightarrow a} \frac{-2 \times \sin \left(\frac{x+a}{2}\right) \sin \left(\frac{x-a}{2}\right)}{x-a}\left[\because \cos x-\cos a=-2 \times \sin \frac{x+a}{2} \sin \frac{x-a}{2}\right]$ $=\lim _{x \rightarrow a} \sin \frac{x+a}{2} \times-\frac{\sin \left(\frac{x-a}{2}\right)}{\frac{(x-a)}{2}}$ $=-1 \times \lim _{x \rightarro...
Read More →What is the principle underlying
Question: What is the principle underlying the use of cyanobacteria in agricultural fields for crop improvement? Solution: Cyanobacteria are capable of fixing nitrogen with the help of specialised cells called the heterocyst. They enrich the soil fertility. Hence BGAs are used in agricultural fields. E.g. Colonies of Nostoc and Anabaena grow in Paddy field....
Read More →Members of Phycomycetes are found in
Question: Members of Phycomycetes are found in i. Aquatic habitats ii. On decaying wood iii. Moist and damp places iv. As obligate parasites on plants Choose from the following options a. None of the above b. I and iv c. ii and iii d. All of the above Solution: Option (d)All of the above is the answer....
Read More →Viruses are non-cellular organisms
Question: Viruses are non-cellular organisms but replicate themselves once they infect the host cell. To which of the following kingdom do viruses belong to? a. Monera b. Protista c. Fungi d. None of the above Solution: Option (d)None of the above is the answer....
Read More →With respect to fungal sexual cycle,
Question: With respect to fungal sexual cycle, choose the correct sequence of events a. Karyogamy, Plasmogamy and Meiosis b. Meiosis, Plasmogamy and Karyogamy c. Plasmogamy, Karyogamy and Meiosis d. Meiosis, Karyogamy and Plasmogamy Solution: Option (c)Plasmogamy, Karyogamy and Meiosis is the answer....
Read More →Evaluate the following limits:
Question: Evaluate the following limits: $\lim _{x \rightarrow \frac{\pi}{2}} \frac{1+\cos 2 x}{(\pi-2 x)^{2}}$ Solution: To Find: Limits NOTE: First Check the form of imit. Used this method if the limit is satisfying any one from 7 indeterminate form. In this Case, indeterminate Form is $\frac{0}{0}$ By using L hospital Rule, Differtiate both sides w.r.t $x$ Again, indeterminate Form is $\frac{0}{0}$ So, Differtiate both sides w.r.t $x$ again, we have $\lim _{x \rightarrow \frac{\pi}{2}} \frac{...
Read More →Difference between Virus and Viroid is
Question: Difference between Virus and Viroid is a. Absence of protein coat in viroid but present in virus b. Presence of low molecular weight RNA in the virus but absent in viroid c. Both a and b d. None of the above Solution: Option (a)Absence of protein coat in viroid but present in virus is the answer....
Read More →Associations between Mycobiont and Phycobiont
Question: Associations between Mycobiont and Phycobiont are found in a. Mycorrhiza b. Root c. Lichens d. BGA Solution: Option (c) Lichensis the answer....
Read More →Contagium vivum fluidum was proposed by
Question: Contagium vivum fluidum was proposed by a. D.J. Ivanowsky b. M.W. Beijerinek c. Stanley d. Robert Hook Solution: Option (b)M.W. Beijerinek is the answer....
Read More →A dikaryon is formed when
Question: A dikaryon is formed when a. Meiosis is arrested b. The two haploid cells do not fuse immediately c. Cytoplasm does not fuse d. None of the above Solution: Option (b)The two haploid cells do not fuse immediately is the answer....
Read More →An association between roots of higher
Question: An association between roots of higher plants and fungi is called a. Lichen b. Fern c. Mycorrhiza d. BGA Solution: Option (c)Mycorrhizais the answer....
Read More →Naked cytoplasm, multinucleated and saprophytic
Question: Naked cytoplasm, multinucleated and saprophytic is the characteristics of a. Monera b. Protista c. Fungi d. Slime moulds Solution: Option (d)Slime moulds is the answer....
Read More →Organisms living in salty areas
Question: Organisms living in salty areas are called as a. Methanogens b. Halophiles c. Heliophytes d. Thermoacidophiles Solution: Option (b)Halophiles is the answer....
Read More →