What would be the advantages of exploiting
[question] Question. What would be the advantages of exploiting resources with short-term aims? [/question] [solution] solution: Exploiting resources with short term aims will satisfy our immediate needs. But there should be a judicious use of natural resources as they are limited in nature. We should not exploit resources for our short term gains as this would only lead to depletion of natural resources for the present generation as well as generations to come. Hence, we can say that there are ...
Read More →Talk to some old residents in your region
[question] Question. Talk to some old residents in your region and write a short report on the changes in irrigation and changes in production methods during the last 30 years. (Optional) [/question] [solution] Solution: Attempt this question on your own. [/solution]...
Read More →What changes can you make in your
[question] Question. What changes can you make in your habits to become more environment-friendly? [/question] [solution] solution: We should switch off the electrical appliances when not in use. Water and food should not be wasted. Close the tap when not in use. Dump the objects made of plastic and glass in designated recycling boxes. Plastic, paper, or glass must be recycled or reused and not dumped with other wastes. This is because objects made of plastic do not get decomposed easily. Beside...
Read More →On what terms did Savita get a loan from Tejpal Singh?
[question] Question. On what terms did Savita get a loan from Tejpal Singh? Would Savita’s condition be different if she could get a loan from the bank at a low rate of interest? [/question] [solution] Solution: Savita required money for buying seeds, fertilisers and pesticides, and water for irrigation. She also needed money for repairing her farm instruments. So, she decided to borrow money from Tejpal Singh, a large farmer in her village. Tejpal Singh agreed to give the loan of Rs. 3000 at an...
Read More →How do the medium and large farmers obtain capital for farming?
[question] Question. How do the medium and large farmers obtain capital for farming? How is it different from the small farmers? [/question] [solution] Solution: Medium and large farmers retain a part of their produce and sell the surplus in the market. This provides them with the required capital for farming. Most of them even use these earnings to provide loans to small farmers. By charging high rates of interest on these loans, they succeed in furthering their earnings. Thus, medium and large...
Read More →Why is damage to the ozone layer a cause for concern?
[question] Question. Why is damage to the ozone layer a cause for concern? What steps are being taken to limit this damage? [/question] [solution] solution: The ozone shields the surface of the earth from ultraviolet (UV) radiation from the sun. These radiations are highly damaging as they can cause cancer in both plants and animals, damage to eyes and immune system. They can also lead to variations in global rainfall, ecological disturbances and dwindling of global food supplies. Due to these r...
Read More →Describe the work of a farmer with 1 hectare of land.
[question] Question. Describe the work of a farmer with 1 hectare of land. [/question] [solution] Solution: The situation of a farmer with 1 hectare of land is truly problematic. Since the land area cultivated by him is small, the output is generally low. The produce is barely enough for the survival of his family. To begin work on his farm, he needs to buy seeds and fertilisers. For these, he needs sufficient capital, which is provided to him by the large farmers, traders and moneylenders as lo...
Read More →Explain how the human ear works.
[question] Question. Explain how the human ear works. [/question] [solution] Solution: Refer theory, page no.72. [solution]...
Read More →What are the different ways of increasing production on the same piece of land?
[question] Question. What are the different ways of increasing production on the same piece of land? Use examples to explain [/question] [solution] Solution: Multiple cropping and the use of modern farming methods are the two common ways of increasing production on the same piece of land. Multiple cropping involves growing more than one crop on a piece of land during the year. For example, farmers in the western parts of Uttar Pradesh practise multiple cropping. During the rainy season (kharif),...
Read More →If all the waste we generate is biodegradable,
[question] Question. If all the waste we generate is biodegradable, will this have no impact on the environment ? [/question] [solution] solution: Biodegradable waste will be recycled easily by the decomposers such as bacteria and fungi. It will have only this bad impact on our environment that, many of the gases released during decomposition process may result in global warming. [/solution]...
Read More →Explain how defects in a metal block can be detected using ultrasound.
[question] Question. Explain how defects in a metal block can be detected using ultrasound. [/question] [solution] Solution: Refer theory, page no.70. [/solution]...
Read More →In your region, talk to two labourers.
[question] Question. In your region, talk to two labourers. Choose either farm labourers or labourers working at construction sites. What wages do they get? Are they paid in cash or kind? Do they get work regularly? Are they in debt? [/question] [solution] Solution: Attempt this question on your own. [/solution]...
Read More →The workers in the unorganised sector need protection on the following issues: wages, safety and health.
[question] Question. The workers in the unorganised sector need protection on the following issues: wages, safety and health. Explain with examples. [/question] [solution] Solution: The workers in the unorganised sector need protection on the following issues: wages, safety and health. In the construction sector, labourers are employed on a daily basis. Hence, they have no job security. Here, wages too differ from time to time. Consequently, the government has set up a minimum wages act to prote...
Read More →What are the problems caused by the
[question] Question. What are the problems caused by the non-biodegradable wastes that we generate ? [/question] [solution] solution: (i) Non-biodegradable waste persist in the environment for a long time and cause greater harm to the various members of the ecosystem by causing biological magnification. (ii) Non-biodegradable waste such as fertilizers, pesticides, weedicides, etc., changes the soil chemistry. This inturn affects the fertility of soil and subsequently reduces the crop yield. [/so...
Read More →Why are the wages for farm labourers in Palampur less than minimum wages?
[question] Question. Why are the wages for farm labourers in Palampur less than minimum wages? [/question] [solution] Solution: Though the minimum wage fixed by the government for a farm labourer is Rs 60 per day, farm labourers in Palampur get paid much less, about 35 to 40 rupees a day. The reason for this is the competition for work among the agricultural labourers in the village. Knowing that supply is much more than the demand, they themselves agree to work for wages that are lower than min...
Read More →Construct a table on the distribution of land among the 450 families of Palampur
[question] Question. Construct a table on the distribution of land among the 450 families of Palampur [/question] [solution] Solution: Total area of land under cultivation in Palampur = 200 hectares [/solution]...
Read More →Explain how public sector contributes to the economic development of a nation.
[question] Question. Explain how public sector contributes to the economic development of a nation. [/question] [solution] Solution: The public sector contributes to the economic development of a nation by not mere financial profits. The public sector plays a vital role in contributing to the Human Development Index via its functioning in health and education services. Also, by buying food grains at a “fair price” from farmers, providing electricity, water, postal services at low rates, the gove...
Read More →A sonar device on a submarine sends out a signal and receives an echo 5 s later.
[question] Question. A sonar device on a submarine sends out a signal and receives an echo 5 s later. Calculate the speed of sound in water if the distance of the object from the submarine is 3625 m. [/question] [solution] Solution: Time taken between transmission and reception of signal = 5 sec. Distance of the object from the sub marine = 3625 m. Speed of sound in water $=\frac{\text { Distance travelled }}{\text { Time taken }}=\frac{7250}{5}=1450 \mathrm{~m} / \mathrm{sec}$ [/solution]...
Read More →Is it important to increase the area under irrigation?
[question] Question. Is it important to increase the area under irrigation? Why? [/question] [solution] Solution: Monsoons are by their very nature erratic and variable. So, farming cannot entirely depend upon rains. A large portion of the cultivable land in India is not well irrigated and is dependent entirely upon rains. As a result, when rains are late or are inadequate, farmers incur much loss. The loss is more acutely experienced by the small farmers. Failure of rain means failure of crops ...
Read More →What is biological magnification ?
[question] Question. What is biological magnification ? Will the levels of this magnification be different at different levels of the ecosystem ? [/question] [solution] solution: The accumulation of harmful chemicals in the body of living organisms at different trophic levels in a food chain is called biological magnification. Yes, the concentration of these harmful chemicals will be different at different trophic levels. It will be maximum at the last trophic levels which is mostly of the top c...
Read More →Give a few examples of public sector activities and explain why the government has taken them up.
[question] Question. Give a few examples of public sector activities and explain why the government has taken them up. [/question] [solution] Solution: A few examples of public sector activities are provision of water, electricity and some modes of transport. The government has taken these up because water and power are needed by everyone. If the work of providing electricity and water is left to private enterprises, the latter might exploit this opportunity and sell these at rates which the mas...
Read More →How did the spread of electricity help farmers in Palampur?
[question] Question. How did the spread of electricity help farmers in Palampur? [/question] [solution] Solution: The spread of electricity in Palampur transformed the system of irrigation in the village. Persian wheels gave way to electric-run tube wells, which reduced the dependence of the farmers upon rainfall, and enabled larger areas of land to be irrigated. By mid-1970s, the entire cultivated area of 200 hectares was irrigated. This improvement in irrigation allowed farmers to grow three d...
Read More →Will the impact of removing all the organisms
[question] Question. Will the impact of removing all the organisms in a trophic level be different for different trophic levels? Can the organisms of any trophic level be removed without causing any damage to the ecosystem ? [/question] [solution] solution: Yes, the impact of removing all the organisms in a trophic level will be different for different trophic levels. For example : Consider the following food chain: Plants $\longrightarrow$ Deer $\longrightarrow$ Lion. If all the lions are remov...
Read More →Modern farming methods require more inputs which are manufactured in industry.
[question] Question. Modern farming methods require more inputs which are manufactured in industry. Do you agree? [/question] [solution] Solution: Traditional farming methods involve the use of relatively low-yielding seeds, which require less water for irrigation. Farmers following the traditional methods use cow dung and other natural manure as fertilisers. All these elements are readily available with the farmers. This makes them less dependent on industrial output. Modern farming methods, on...
Read More →Discuss and fill the following table giving one example each from your area.
[question] Question. Discuss and fill the following table giving one example each from your area. [/question] [solution] Solution: [/solution]...
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