JEE Main 2026 - Syllabus, Preparation Tips, Books, Exam Pattern and Many More

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JEE Main is one of the toughest exams for students aspiring to get admission into the prestigious engineering Institutes of India. Clearing JEE Mains is the first step leading you closer to admission to the renowned Indian Institute of Technology(IIT). After that, you must clear JEE Advanced to get through the admission and then the counseling part which completes the admission process. Here you will be able to understand the exam study, important exam dates, exam pattern, How to start preparing from Class 11, and many more things to achieve success in the IIT JEE Main Exam 2026

Important Dates of JEE Main 2026

The JEE Main 2026 is an important exam for students who want to enter top engineering colleges like IITs, NITs, and other government institutes. It is conducted by the National Testing Agency (NTA), and there are usually two sessions for the exam every year.

Here are some of the key dates to remember for JEE Main 2026:

Notification Release: The official notification is expected to be released in November 2025. This notification will provide all the details like eligibility, syllabus, exam pattern, and other guidelines.

Registration Start Date: The registration process for JEE Main 2026 (Session 1) is expected to begin in December 2025. Students need to fill out the online application form, upload the required documents, and pay the fee.

Last Date to Apply: The last date to submit the application form for Session 1 is expected to be around January 2026. It is important to complete the form on time as no extensions will likely be given.

Admit Card Release: The admit cards for the first session will be available for download by February 2026. This document is critical, as you cannot enter the exam center without it.

JEE Main 2026 Exam Dates: The first session of JEE Main 2026 is likely to be conducted in February or March 2026, while the second session will be held in April 2026.

Results: The result for the first session is expected in March 2026, and for the second session, results should be declared by May 2026.

JEE Main 2026 Syllabus

JEE Main Syllabus Physics

The Physics syllabus of JEE Main contains two Sections- A and B., Section – A pertains to the Theory Part having 80% weightage, while Section – B contains the practical component (Experimental Skills) having 20 % Weightage.

Section A
Unit / Chapter	List of Topics
Physics and Measurement	Physics, technology and society, S I Units, fundamental and derived units, least count, accuracy and precision of measuring instruments, measurement errors, Dimensions of Physics quantities, dimensional analysis, and its applications.
Kinematics	The frame of reference, motion in a straight line, Position- time graph, speed and velocity; Uniform and non-uniform motion, average speed and instantaneous velocity, uniformly accelerated motion, velocity-time, position-time graph, relations for uniformly accelerated motion, Scalars and Vectors, Vector. Addition and subtraction, zero vector, scalar, and vector products, Unit Vector, Resolution of a Vector. Relative Velocity, Motion in a plane, Projectile Motion, Uniform Circular Motion.
Laws Of Motion	Force and inertia, Newton’s First Law of motion; Momentum, Newton’s Second Law of motion, Impulses; Newton’s Third Law of motion. Law of conservation of linear momentum and its applications. Equilibrium of concurrent forces. Static and Kinetic friction, laws of friction, rolling friction. Dynamics of uniform circular motion: centripetal force and its applications.
Work, Energy, and Power	Work done by a content force and a variable force; kinetic and potential energies, work-energy theorem, power. The potential energy of spring conservation of mechanical energy, conservative and neoconservative forces; Elastic and inelastic collisions in one and two dimensions.
Rotational Motion	Centre of the mass of a two-particle system, Centre of the mass of a rigid body; Basic concepts of rotational motion; a moment of a force; torque, angular momentum, conservation of angular momentum and its applications; the moment of inertia, the radius of gyration. Values of moments of inertia for simple geometrical objects, parallel and perpendicular axes theorems, and their applications. Rigid body rotation equations of rotational motion
Gravitation	The universal law of gravitation. Acceleration due to gravity and its variation with altitude and depth. Kepler’s law of planetary motion. Gravitational potential energy; gravitational potential. Escape velocity is the orbital velocity of a satellite. Geo stationary satellites.
Properties of Solids and Liquids	Elastic behavior, Stress-strain relationship, Hooke's Law. Young's modulus, bulk modulus, and modulus of rigidity. Pressure due to a fluid column; Pascal's law and its applications. Viscosity. Stokes' law. Terminal velocity, streamline, and turbulent flow. Reynolds number. Bernoulli's principle and its applications. Surface energy and surface tension, angle of contact, application of surface tension - drops, bubbles, and capillary rise. Heat, temperature, thermal expansion; specific heat capacity, calorimetry; change of state, latent heat. Heat transfer-conduction, convection, and radiation. Newton's law of cooling.
Thermodynamics	Thermal equilibrium, zeroth law of thermodynamics, the concept of temperature. Heat, work, and internal energy. The first law of thermodynamics. The second law of thermodynamics: reversible and irreversible processes. Carnot engine and its efficiency.
Kinetic theory of gases	Equation of state of a perfect gas, work done on compressing a gas, Kinetic theory of gases - assumptions, the concept of pressure. Kinetic energy and temperature: RMS speed of gas molecules: Degrees of freedom. Law of equipartition of energy, applications to specific heat capacities of gases; Mean free path. Avogadro's number.
Oscillations and Waves	Periodic motion - period, frequency, displacement as a function of time. Periodic functions. Simple harmonic motion (S.H.M.) and its equation; phase: oscillations of a spring -restoring force and force constant: energy in S.H.M. - Kinetic and potential energies; Simple pendulum - derivation of expression for its period: Free, forced and damped oscillations, resonance. Wave motion. Longitudinal and transverse waves, speed of a wave. Displacement relation for a progressive wave. Principle of superposition of waves, a reflection of waves. Standing waves in strings and organ pipes, fundamental mode, and harmonics. Beats. Doppler Effect in sound.
Electrostatics	Electric charges: Conservation of charge. Coulomb's law forces between two point charges, forces between multiple charges: superposition principle and continuous charge distribution. Electric field: Electric field due to a point charge, Electric field lines. Electric dipole, Electric field due to a dipole. Torque on a dipole in a uniform electric field. Electric flux. Gauss's law and its applications to find field due to infinitely long uniformly charged straight wire, uniformly charged infinite plane sheet and uniformly charged thin spherical shell. Electric potential and its calculation for a point charge, electric dipole and system of charges; Equipotential surfaces, Electrical potential energy of a system of two point charges in an electrostatic field. Conductors and insulators. Dielectrics and electric polarization, capacitor, the combination of capacitors in series and parallel, capacitance of a parallel plate capacitor with and without dielectric medium between the plates. Energy is stored in a capacitor.
Current Electricity	Electric current. Drift velocity. Ohm's law. Electrical resistance. Resistances of different materials. V-l characteristics of Ohmic and non-ohmic conductors. Electrical energy and power. Electrical resistivity. Color code for resistors; Series and parallel combinations of resistors; Temperature dependence of resistance. Electric Cell and its Internal resistance, potential difference and emf of a cell, a combination of cells in series and parallel. Kirchhoff’s laws and their applications. Wheatstone bridge. Metre Bridge. Potentiometer - principle and its applications.
Magnetic effects of current and magnetism	Biot - Savart law and its application to the current carrying circular loop. Ampere's law and its applications to infinitely long current carrying straight wire and solenoid. Force on a moving charge in uniform magnetic and electric fields. Cyclotron. Force on a current-carrying conductor in a uniform magnetic field. The force between two parallel current-carrying conductors of the ampere. Torque experienced by a current loop in a uniform magnetic field: Moving coil galvanometer, its current sensitivity, and conversion to ammeter and voltmeter. Current loop as a magnetic dipole and its magnetic dipole moment. Bar magnet as an equivalent solenoid, magnetic field lines; Earth's magnetic field and magnetic elements. Para-, dia- and ferromagnetic substances. Magnetic susceptibility and permeability. Hysteresis. Electromagnets and permanent magnets.
Electromagnetic induction and alternating currents	Electromagnetic induction: Faraday's law. Induced emf and current: Lenz’s Law, Eddy currents. Self and mutual inductance. Alternating currents, peak and RMS value of alternating current/ voltage: reactance and impedance: LCR series circuit, resonance: Quality factor, power in AC circuits, wattles current. AC generator and transformer.
Electromagnetic Waves	Electromagnetic waves and their characteristics, Transverse nature of electromagnetic waves, Electromagnetic spectrum (radio waves, microwaves, infrared, visible, ultraviolet. X-rays. Gamma rays), Applications of e.m. waves.
Optics	Reflection and refraction of light at plane and spherical surfaces, mirror formula. Total internal reflection and its applications. Deviation and Dispersion of light by a; prism; Lens Formula. Magnification. Power of a Lens. Combination of thin lenses in contact. Microscope and Astronomical Telescope (reflecting and refracting ) and their magnifying powers. Wave optics: wavefront and Huygens' principle. Laws of reflection and refraction using Huygens principle. Interference, Young's double-slit experiment, and expression for fringe width, coherent sources, and sustained interference of light. Diffraction due to a single slit, width of central maximum. Resolving power of microscopes and astronomical telescopes. Polarization, plane-polarized light: Brewster's law, uses of plane-polarized light and Polaroid.
Dual Nature of Matter and Radiation	Dual nature of radiation. Photoelectric effect. Hertz and Lenard's observations; Einstein's photoelectric equation: particle nature of light. Matter waves-wave nature of particle, de Broglie relation. DavissonGermer experiment.
Atoms and Nuclei	Alpha-particle scattering experiment; Rutherford's model of atom; Bohr model, energy levels, hydrogen spectrum. Composition and size of nucleus, atomic masses, isotopes, isobars: isotones. Radioactivity- alpha. Beta and gamma particles/rays and their properties; radioactive decay law. Mass-energy relation, mass defect; binding energy per nucleon and its variation with mass number, nuclear fission, and fusion.
Electronic Devices	Semiconductors; semiconductor diode: 1- V characteristics in forward and reverse bias; diode as a rectifier; I-V characteristics of LED. The photodiode, solar cell, and Zener diode; Zener diode as a voltage regulator. Junction transistor, transistor action, characteristics of a transistor: transistor as an amplifier (common emitter configuration) and oscillator. Logic gates (OR. AND. NOT. NAND and NOR). Transistor as a switch.
~~Communication Systems~~	Propagation of electromagnetic waves in the atmosphere; Sky and space wave propagation. Need for modulation. Amplitude and Frequency Modulation, Bandwidth of signals. The bandwidth of the Transmission medium, Basic Elements of a Communication System (Block Diagram only).
Section B
Unit / Chapter	List of Topics
Experimental Skills	Familiarity with the basic approach and observations of the experiments and activities: 1. Vernier calipers are used to measure the internal and external diameter and depth of a vessel. 2. Screw gauge-its use to determine the thickness/ diameter of thin sheet/wire. 3. Simple Pendulum-dissipation of energy by plotting a graph between the square of amplitude and time. 4. Metre Scale - the mass of a given object by the principle of moments. 5. Young's modulus of elasticity of the material of a metallic wire. 6. Surface tension of water by capillary rise and effect of detergents, 7. Co-efficient of Viscosity of a given viscous liquid by measuring the terminal velocity of a given spherical body, ~~8. Plotting a cooling curve for the relationship between the temperature of a hot body and time.~~ 9. Speed of sound in air at room temperature using a resonance tube, 10. Specific heat capacity of a given (i) solid and (ii) liquid by method of mixtures. 11. The resistivity of the material of a given wire using a meter bridge. 12. The resistance of a given wire using Ohm's law. ~~13. Potentiometeri. Comparison of emf of two primary cells. ii. Determination of internal resistance of a cell.~~ 14. Resistance and figure of merit of a galvanometer by half deflection method. 15. The focal length of; (i) Convex mirror (ii) Concave mirror, and (ii) Convex lens, using the parallax method. 16. The plot of the angle of deviation vs angle of incidence for a triangular prism. 17. Refractive index of a glass slab using a traveling microscope. 18. Characteristic curves of a p-n junction diode in forward and reverse bias. 19. Characteristic curves of a Zener diode and finding reverse breakdown voltage. ~~20. Characteristic curves of a transistor and finding current gain and voltage gain.~~ 21. Identification of Diode. LED, Transistor. IC. Resistor. A capacitor from a mixed collection of such items. 22. Using a multimeter to (i) Identify the base of a transistor (ii) Distinguish between NPN and PNP type transistors (iii) See the unidirectional current in the case of a diode and an LED. (iv) Check the correctness or otherwise of a given electronic component (diode, transistor, or IC)

JEE Main – Chemistry

Section A - Physical Chemistry
Unit / Chapter	List of Topics
Some basic concepts in Chemistry	Matter and its nature, Dalton's atomic theory: Concept of atom, molecule, element, and compound: ~~Physical quantities and their measurements in Chemistry, precision and accuracy, significant figures.~~ S.I.Units, dimensional analysis: Laws of chemical combination; Atomic and molecular masses, mole concept, molar mass, percentage composition, empirical and molecular formulae: Chemical equations and stoichiometry.
~~States of Matter~~	Classification of matter into solid, liquid, and gaseous states. Gaseous State: Measurable properties of gases: Gas laws - Boyle's law, Charle’s law. Graham's law of diffusion. Avogadro's law, Dalton's law of partial pressure; the Concept of Absolute scale of temperature; Ideal gas equation; Kinetic theory of gases (only postulates); Concept of average, root mean square, and most probable velocities; Real gases, deviation from Ideal behaviour, compressibility factor and van der Waals equation. Liquid State: Properties of liquids - vapor pressure, viscosity, and surface tension and the effect of temperature on them (qualitative treatment only). Solid State: Classification of solids: molecular, ionic, covalent, and metallic solids, amorphous and crystalline solids (elementary idea); Bragg's Law and its applications: Unit cell and lattices, packing in solids (fcc, bcc, and hcp lattices), voids, calculations involving unit cell parameters, an imperfection in solids; Electrical and magnetic properties.
Atomic Structure	~~Thomson and Rutherford atomic models and their limitations;~~ Nature of electromagnetic radiation, photoelectric effect; Spectrum of the hydrogen atom. Bohr model of a hydrogen atom - its postulates, derivation of the relations for the energy of the electron and radii of the different orbits, limitations of Bohr's model; Dual nature of matter, de Broglie's relationship. Heisenberg uncertainty principle. Elementary ideas of quantum mechanics, quantum mechanics, the quantum mechanical model of the atom, and its important features. Concept of atomic orbitals as one-electron wave functions: Variation of Ψ and Ψ² with r for 1s and 2s orbitals; various quantum numbers (principal, angular momentum, and magnetic quantum numbers) and their significance; shapes of s, p, and d - orbitals, electron spin, and spin quantum number: Rules for filling electrons in orbitals – Aufbau principle. Pauli's exclusion principle and Hund's rule, electronic configuration of elements, and extra stability of half-filled and filled orbitals.
Chemical bonding and molecular structure	Kossel-Lewis approach to chemical bond formation, the concept of ionic and covalent bonds. Ionic Bonding: Formation of ionic bonds, factors affecting the formation of ionic bonds; calculation of lattice enthalpy. Covalent Bonding: Concept of electronegativity. Fajan’s rule, dipole moment: Valence Shell Electron Pair Repulsion (VSEPR ) theory and shapes of simple molecules. Quantum mechanical approach to covalent bonding: Valence bond theory - its important features, the concept of hybridization involving s, p, and d orbitals; Resonance. Molecular Orbital Theory - Its important features. LCAOs, types of molecular orbitals (bonding, antibonding), sigma and pi-bonds, molecular orbital electronic configurations of homonuclear diatomic molecules, the concept of bond order, bond length, and bond energy. Elementary idea of metallic bonding. Hydrogen bonding and its applications.
Chemical Thermodynamics	Fundamentals of thermodynamics: System and surroundings, extensive and intensive properties, state functions, types of processes. The first law of thermodynamics - Concept of work, heat internal energy and enthalpy, heat capacity, molar heat capacity; Hess’s law of constant heat summation; Enthalpies of bond dissociation, combustion, formation, atomization, sublimation, phase transition, hydration, ionization, and solution. The second law of thermodynamics - Spontaneity of processes; ΔS of the universe and ΔG of the system as criteria for spontaneity. ΔG^o (Standard Gibbs energy change) and equilibrium constant.
Solutions	Different methods for expressing the concentration of solution - molality, molarity, mole fraction, percentage (by volume and mass both), the vapor pressure of solutions and Raoult's Law - Ideal and non-ideal solutions, vapor pressure - composition, plots for ideal and non-ideal solutions; Colligative properties of dilute solutions - a relative lowering of vapor pressure, depression of freezing point, the elevation of boiling point and osmotic pressure; Determination of molecular mass using colligative properties; Abnormal value of molar mass, can’t Hoff factor and its significance.
Equilibrium	The meaning of equilibrium is the concept of dynamic equilibrium. Equilibria involving physical processes: Solid-liquid, liquid - gas and solid-gas equilibria, Henry's law. General characteristics of equilibrium involving physical processes. Equilibrium involving chemical processes: Law of chemical equilibrium, equilibrium constants (Kp and Kc) and their significance, the significance of ΔG and ΔG^o in chemical equilibrium, factors affecting equilibrium concentration, pressure, temperature, the effect of catalyst; Le Chatelier’s principle. Ionic equilibrium: Weak and strong electrolytes, ionization of electrolytes, various concepts of acids and bases (Arrhenius. Bronsted - Lowry and Lewis) and their ionization, acid-base equilibria (including multistage ionization) and ionization constants, ionization of water. pH scale, common ion effect, hydrolysis of salts and pH of their solutions, the solubility of sparingly soluble salts and solubility products, and buffer solutions.
Redox reactions and electrochemistry	Electronic concepts of oxidation and reduction, redox reactions, oxidation number, rules for assigning oxidation number, and balancing of redox reactions. Electrolytic and metallic conduction, conductance in electrolytic solutions, molar conductivities and their variation with concentration: Kohlrausch’s law and its applications. Electrochemical cells - Electrolytic and Galvanic cells, different types of electrodes, electrode potentials including standard electrode potential, half-cell and cell reactions, emf of a Galvanic cell and its measurement: Nernst equation and its applications; Relationship between cell potential and Gibbs' energy change: Dry cell and lead accumulator; Fuel cells.
Chemical Kinetics	Rate of a chemical reaction, factors affecting the rate of reactions: concentration, temperature, pressure, and catalyst; elementary and complex reactions, order and molecularity of reactions, rate law, rate constant and its units, differential and integral forms of zero and first-order reactions, their characteristics and half-lives, the effect of temperature on the rate of reactions, Arrhenius theory, activation energy and its calculation, collision theory of bimolecular gaseous reactions (no derivation).
~~Surface Chemistry~~	Adsorption- Physisorption and chemisorption and their characteristics, factors affecting adsorption of gases on solids - Freundlich and Langmuir adsorption isotherms, adsorption from solutions. Catalysis - Homogeneous and heterogeneous, activity and selectivity of solid catalysts, enzyme catalysis and its mechanism. Colloidal state- distinction among true solutions, colloids, and suspensions, classification of colloids - lyophilic. Lyophobic; multimolecular. Macromolecular and associated colloids (micelles), preparation and properties of colloids - Tyndall effect. Brownian movement, electrophoresis, dialysis, coagulation, and flocculation: Emulsions and their characteristics.
Section B - Inorganic Chemistry
Unit / Chapter	List of Topics
Classification of elements and periodicity in properties	Modem periodic law and present form of the periodic table, s, p. d and f block elements, periodic trends in properties of elements atomic and ionic radii, ionization enthalpy, electron gain enthalpy, valence, oxidation states, and chemical reactivity.
~~General principles and processes of isolation of metals~~	Modes of occurrence of elements in nature, minerals, ores; Steps involved in the extraction of metals - concentration, reduction (chemical and electrolytic methods), and refining with special reference to the extraction of Al. Cu, Zn, and Fe; Thermodynamic and electrochemical principles involved in the extraction of metals.
~~Hydrogen~~	Position of hydrogen in the periodic table, isotopes, preparation, properties, and uses of hydrogen; Physical and chemical properties of water and heavy water; Structure, preparation, reactions, and uses of hydrogen peroxide; Classification of hydrides - ionic, covalent, and interstitial; Hydrogen as a fuel.
~~S-block elements (Alkali and Alkaline Earth Metals)~~	Group -1 and 2 Elements General introduction, electronic configuration and general trends in physical and chemical properties of elements, anomalous properties of the first element of each group, diagonal relationships. Preparation and properties of some important compounds - sodium carbonate and sodium hydroxide and sodium hydrogen carbonate; Industrial uses of lime, limestone. Plaster of Paris and cement: Biological significance of Na, K. Mg and Ca.
P-block elements	Group -13 to Group 18 Elements General Introduction: Electronic configuration and general trends in physical and chemical properties of elements across the periods and down the groups; unique behavior of the first element in each group. Groupwise study of the p - p-block elements Group -13 Preparation, properties, and uses of boron and aluminum; Structure, properties, and uses of borax, boric acid, diborane, boron trifluoride, aluminum chloride, and alums. Group -14 The tendency for catenation; Structure, properties, and uses of Allotropes and oxides of carbon, silicon tetrachloride, silicates, zeolites, and silicones. Group -15 Properties and uses of nitrogen and phosphorus; Allotrophic forms of phosphorus; Preparation, properties, structure and uses of ammonia, nitric acid, phosphine, and phosphorus halides, (PCl₃. PCl₅); Structures of oxides and oxoacids of nitrogen and phosphorus. Group -16 Preparation, properties, structures, and uses of ozone: Allotropic forms of sulfur; Preparation, properties, structures, and uses of sulphuric acid (including its industrial preparation); Structures of oxoacids of sulfur. Group-17 Preparation, properties, and uses of hydrochloric acid; Trends in the acidic nature of hydrogen halides; Structures of Interhalogen compounds and oxides and oxoacids of halogens. Group-18 Occurrence and uses of noble gases; Structures of fluorides and oxides of xenon.
d and f block elements	Transition Elements General introduction, electronic configuration, occurrence and characteristics, general trends in properties of the first-row transition elements - physical properties, ionization enthalpy, oxidation states, atomic radii, color, catalytic behavior, magnetic properties, complex formation, interstitial compounds, alloy formation; Preparation, properties, and uses of K₂Cr₂O₇, and KMnO₄. Inner Transition Elements Lanthanoids - Electronic configuration, oxidation states, and lanthanoid contraction. Actinoids - Electronic configuration and oxidation states.
Co-ordination compounds	Introduction to coordination compounds. Werner's theory; ligands, coordination number, denticity. Chelation; IUPAC nomenclature of mononuclear coordination compounds, isomerism; Bonding-Valence bond approach and basic ideas of Crystal field theory, color, and magnetic properties; Importance of coordination compounds (in qualitative analysis, extraction of metals and in biological systems).
~~Environmental Chemistry~~	Environmental pollution - Atmospheric, water, and soil. Atmospheric pollution - Tropospheric and Stratospheric Tropospheric pollutants - Gaseous pollutants: Oxides of carbon, nitrogen, and sulfur, hydrocarbons; their sources, harmful effects, and prevention; Greenhouse effect and Global warming: Acid rain; Particulate pollutants: Smoke, dust, smog, fumes, mist; their sources, harmful effects and prevention. Stratospheric pollution- Formation and breakdown of ozone, depletion of the ozone layer - its mechanism and effects. Water Pollution - Major pollutants such as. Pathogens, organic wastes, and chemical pollutants; their harmful effects and prevention. Soil pollution - Major pollutants such as; Pesticides (insecticides. herbicides and fungicides), their harmful effects, and prevention. Strategies to control environmental pollution.
Section C - Organic Chemistry
Unit / Chapter	List of Topics
Purification and characterization of organic compounds	Purification - Crystallization, sublimation, distillation, differential extraction, and chromatography - principles and their applications. Qualitative analysis - Detection of nitrogen, sulfur, phosphorus, and halogens. Quantitative analysis (basic principles only) - Estimation of carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, halogens, sulfur, and phosphorus. Calculations of empirical formulae and molecular formulae: Numerical problems in organic quantitative analysis.
Some basic principles of organic chemistry	Tetravalency of carbon: Shapes of simple molecules - hybridization (s and p): Classification of organic compounds based on functional groups: and those containing halogens, oxygen, nitrogen, and sulfur; Homologous series: Isomerism - structural and stereoisomerism. Nomenclature (Trivial and IUPAC) Covalent bond fission - Homolytic and heterolytic: free radicals, carbocations, and carbanions; stability of carbocations and free radicals, electrophiles, and nucleophiles. Electronic displacement in a covalent bond - Inductive effect, electromeric effect, resonance, and hyperconjugation. Common types of organic reactions are addition, elimination, and rearrangement.
Hydrocarbons	Classification, isomerism, IUPAC nomenclature, general methods of preparation, properties, and reactions. Alkanes - Conformations: Sawhorse and Newman projections (of ethane): Mechanism of halogenation of alkanes. Alkenes - Geometrical isomerism: Mechanism of electrophilic addition: addition of hydrogen, halogens, water, hydrogen halides (Markownikoffs and peroxide effect): Ozonolysis and polymerization. Alkynes - Acidic character: Addition of hydrogen, halogens, water, and hydrogen halides: Polymerization. Aromatic hydrocarbons - Nomenclature, benzene - structure and aromaticity: Mechanism of electrophilic substitution: halogenation, nitration. Friedel-Craft's alkylation and acylation, directive influence of the functional group in mono-substituted benzene.
Organic compounds containing halogens	General methods of preparation, properties, and reactions; Nature of C-X bond; Mechanisms of substitution reactions. Uses; Environmental effects of chloroform, iodoform freons, and DDT.
Organic compounds containing oxygen	General methods of preparation, properties, reactions, and uses. Alcohols, Phenols, AND Ethers Alcohols: Identification of primary, secondary, and tertiary alcohols: mechanism of dehydration. Phenols: Acidic nature, electrophilic substitution reactions: halogenation. Nitration and sulphonation. Reimer - Tiemann reaction. Ethers: Structure. Aldehyde and Ketones: Nature of carbonyl group; Nucleophilic addition to >C=O group, relative reactivities of aldehydes and ketones; Important reactions such as - Nucleophilic addition reactions (addition of HCN. NH₃, and its derivatives), Grignard reagent; oxidation: reduction (Wolf Kishner and Clemmensen); the acidity of α-hydrogen. Aldol condensation, Cannizzaro reaction. Haloform reaction, Chemical tests to distinguish between aldehydes and Ketones. Carboxylic Acids Acidic strength and factors affecting it.
Organic compounds containing nitrogen	General methods of preparation. Properties, reactions, and uses. Amines: Nomenclature, classification structure, basic character, and identification of primary, secondary, and tertiary amines and their basic character. Diazonium Salts: Importance in synthetic organic chemistry.
~~Polymers~~	General introduction and classification of polymers, general methods of polymerization, - Addition and condensation, and copolymerization. Natural and synthetic, rubber and vulcanization, some important polymers with emphasis on their monomers and uses – polythene, nylon, polyester, and bakelite.
Biomolecules	General introduction and importance of biomolecules. CARBOHYDRATES - Classification; aldoses and ketoses: monosaccharides (glucose and fructose) and constituent monosaccharides of oligosaccharides (sucrose, lactose, and maltose). Proteins - Elementary Idea of α-amino acids, peptide bonds, polypeptides. Proteins: primary, secondary, tertiary, and quaternary structure (qualitative idea only), denaturation of proteins, enzymes. Vitamins – Classification and functions. Nucleic Acids – Chemical constitution of DNA and RNA. Biological functions of nucleic acids.
~~Chemistry in everyday life~~	Chemicals in Medicines - Analgesics, tranquilizers, antiseptics, disinfectants, antimicrobials, anti-fertility drugs, antibiotics, antacids. Anti-histamines - their meaning and common examples. Chemicals in food - Preservatives, artificial sweetening agents - common examples. Cleansing Agents - Soaps and detergents, cleansing action.
Principles Related to Practical Chemistry	Detection of extra elements (Nitrogen, Sulphur, halogens) in organic compounds; Detection of the following functional groups; hydroxyl (alcoholic and phenolic), carbonyl (aldehyde and ketones) carboxyl, and amino groups in organic compounds. The chemistry involved in the preparation of the following: Inorganic compounds; Mohr’s salt, potash alum. Organic compounds: Acetanilide, p-nitro acetanilide, aniline yellow, iodoform. The chemistry involved in the titrimetric exercises – Acids, bases, and the use of indicators, oxalic acid vs KMnO₄, Mohr’s salt vs KMnO₄. Chemical principles involved in the qualitative salt analysis: Cations – Pb²⁺, Cu²⁺, Al³⁺, Fe³⁺, Zn²⁺, Ni²⁺ , Ca²⁺, Ba²⁺, Mg²⁺ , NH₄⁺ Anions- CO₃ ^2-, S ^2- ,SO₄ ^2-, NO^3- , NO^2- , Cl^- , Br^- , I^- ( Insoluble salts excluded). Chemical principles involved in the following experiments: 1. Enthalpy of solution of CuSO₄ 2. Enthalpy of neutralization of strong acid and strong base. 3. Preparation of lyophilic and lyophobic. 4. Kinetic study of the reaction of iodide ions with hydrogen peroxide at room temperature.

JEE Main Syllabus Mathematics

Unit / Chapter	List of Topics
Sets, Relations, and Functions	Sets and their representation: Union, intersection, and complement of sets and their algebraic properties; Power set; Relation, Type of relations, equivalence relations, functions; one-one, into and onto functions, the composition of functions.
Complex Numbers and Quadratic Equations	Complex numbers as ordered pairs of reals, Representation of complex numbers in the form a + ib and their representation in a plane, Argand diagram, algebra of complex number, modulus, and argument (or amplitude) of a complex number, square root of a complex number, triangle inequality, Quadratic equations in real and complex number system and their solutions Relations between roots and coefficient, nature of roots, the formation of quadratic equations with given roots.
Matrices and Determinants	Matrices, algebra of matrices, type of matrices, determinants and matrices of order two and three, properties of determinants, evaluation of determinants, area of triangles using determinants, Adjoint and evaluation of inverse of a square matrix using determinants and elementary transformations, Test of consistency and solution of simultaneous linear equations in two or three variables using determinants and matrices.
Permutations and Combinations	The fundamental principle of counting, permutation as an arrangement and combination as section, Meaning of P (n,r) and C (n,r), simple applications.
~~Mathematical Inductions~~	~~Principle of Mathematical Induction and its simple applications.~~
Binomial Theorem and its Simple Applications.	Binomial theorem for a positive integral index, general term, and middle term, properties of Binomial coefficients, and simple applications.
Sequence and Series	Arithmetic and Geometric progressions, insertion of arithmetic, geometric means between two given numbers, Relation between A.M and G.M sum up to n terms of special series; Sn, Sn2, Sn3. Arithmetico-Geometric progression.
Limits, Continuity, and Differentiability	Real–valued functions, algebra of functions, polynomials, rational, trigonometric, logarithmic and exponential functions, inverse functions. Graphs of simple functions. Limits, continuity, and differentiability. Differentiation of the sum, difference, product, and quotient of two functions. Differentiation of trigonometric, inverse trigonometric, logarithmic, exponential, composite, and implicit functions; derivatives of order up to two, Rolle’s and Lagrange's Mean value Theorems, Applications of derivatives: Rate of change of quantities, monotonic increasing and decreasing functions, Maxima, and minima of functions of one variable, tangents and normal.
Integral Calculus	Integral is an anti-derivative, Fundamental integral involving algebraic, trigonometric, exponential, and logarithmic functions. Integrations by substitution, by parts, and by partial functions. Integration using trigonometric identities. Evaluation of simple integrals of the type ∫ 𝑑𝑥 𝑥 2+𝑎2, ∫ 𝑑𝑥 √𝑥 2 ± 𝑎2, ∫ 𝑑𝑥 𝑎2− 𝑥 2, ∫ 𝑑𝑥 √𝑎2− 𝑥 2, ∫ 𝑑𝑥 𝑎𝑥2+𝑏𝑥+𝑐,∫ 𝑑𝑥 √𝑎𝑥2+ 𝑏𝑥+𝑐, ∫ (𝑝𝑥+𝑞)𝑑𝑥 𝑎𝑥2+𝑏𝑥+𝑐, ∫ (𝑝𝑥+𝑞)𝑑𝑥 √𝑎𝑥2+ 𝑏𝑥+𝑐 ∫ √𝑎 2 ± 𝑥 2 𝑑𝑥, ∫√𝑥 2 − 𝑎 2 𝑑𝑥 Integral as limit of a sum. The fundamental theorem of calculus, properties of definite integrals. Evaluation of definite integrals, determining areas of the regions bounded by simple curves in standard form.
Differential Equations	Ordinary differential equations, their order, and degree, the formation of differential equations, solution of differential equation by the method of separation of variables, solution of a homogeneous and linear differential equation of the type 𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝑥 + 𝑝(𝑥)𝑦 = 𝑞(𝑥)
Co-ordinate Geometry	Cartesian system of rectangular coordinates in a plane, distance formula, sections formula, locus, and its equation, translation of axes, the slope of a line, parallel and perpendicular lines, and intercepts of a line on the coordinate axis. Straight line Various forms of equations of a line, intersection of lines, angles between two lines, conditions for concurrence of three lines, the distance of a point from a line, equations of internal and external by sectors of angles between two lines coordinate of the centroid, orthocentre, and circumcentre of a triangle, equation of the family of lines passing through the point of intersection of two lines. Circle, conic sections A standard form of equations of a circle, the general form of the equation of a circle, its radius and central, equation of a circle when the endpoints of a diameter are given, points of intersection of a line and a circle with the center at the origin and condition for a line to be tangent to a circle, equation of the tangent, sections of conics, equations of conic sections (parabola, ellipse and hyperbola) in standard forms, condition for Y = mx +c to be a tangent and point (s) of tangency.
Three Dimensional Geometry	Coordinates of a point in space, the distance between two points, section formula, directions ratios, and direction cosines, and the angle between two intersecting lines. Skew lines, the shortest distance between them, and its equation. Equations of a line ~~and a plane in different forms, the intersection of a line and a plane, and coplanar lines~~.
Vector Algebra	Vectors and scalars, the addition of vectors, components of a vector in two dimensions and three-dimensional space, scalar and vector products, scalar and vector triple product.
Statistics and Probability	Measures of discretion; calculation of mean, median, mode of grouped and ungrouped data calculation of standard deviation, variance, and mean deviation for grouped and ungrouped data. Probability: Probability of an event, addition, and multiplication theorems of probability, Baye's theorem, probability distribution of a random variate, Bernoulli trials, and binomial distribution.
Trigonometry	Trigonometrical identities and equations, trigonometrical functions, inverse trigonometrical functions, and their properties, heights, and distance.
~~Mathematical Reasoning~~	~~Statement logical operations and, or, implies, implied by, if and only if, understanding of tautology, contradiction, converse, and contrapositive.~~

Detailed Syllabus for JEE Main 2025 & 2026 – Paper 2 – B.Arch./ B.Planning.

The JEE Main Paper 2 is designed for students who wish to pursue undergraduate courses in Architecture (B.Arch.) or Planning (B.Planning). It focuses on topics relevant to architecture and planning programs, ensuring that students are well-prepared for the skills needed in these fields. If you plan to pursue any of these courses, you must appear for JEE Main Paper 2.

Syllabus for JEE Main Paper 2 (B.Arch./B.Planning)

The syllabus for Paper 2 is divided into three parts: Mathematics, Aptitude, and Drawing.

Part-I: Mathematics

This section includes topics from Class 11 and Class 12 Mathematics. Students must have a solid understanding of mathematical concepts, as they play an important role in architecture and planning. Key topics include:

Sets, Relations, and Functions
Calculus (Differentiation and Integration)
Coordinate Geometry
Matrices and Determinants
Probability and Statistics

Part-II: Aptitude

The Aptitude section tests students' ability to think analytically and reason logically. It assesses spatial understanding, mental ability, and awareness of architecture and the built environment. Important topics include:

Awareness of persons, places, buildings, materials, and objects related to architecture.
Visualization of three-dimensional objects from two-dimensional drawings.
Analytical Reasoning and Mental Ability (Numerical, Visual, and Verbal).
Visualizing different sides of three-dimensional objects.

Both the Mathematics and Aptitude sections will be conducted in computer-based test (CBT) mode.

Part-III: Drawing

The Drawing section is the most important part of B.Arch. Candidates. This section is conducted in pen and paper mode, where students must draw on a physical drawing sheet. It tests students’ creativity and visual understanding. The topics include:

Three-dimensional perception: Understanding the scale and proportion of objects, building forms, and elements.
Designing geometric or abstract shapes and patterns: Using a pencil to create patterns and forms.
Transformation of forms: Union, subtraction, rotation of 2D and 3D shapes.
Sketching: Drawing scenes from memory, including urban landscapes (markets, festivals, monuments), rural life, and natural landscapes (gardens, rivers, etc.).

Students should bring their stationery, including pencils, erasers, colored pencils, crayons, and a geometry box for the drawing exam.

Exam Modes

Part I (Mathematics) and Part II (Aptitude) will be in CBT mode.
Part III (Drawing) will be in pen-paper mode.

Eligibility Criteria For JEE Main 2026

To apply for JEE Main 2026, students need to meet certain eligibility criteria. These rules help to ensure that only eligible candidates can appear for the exam. Below are the important eligibility criteria for JEE Main 2026:

Educational Qualification: Students must have passed their Class 12 (or equivalent) exam in 2024, 2025, or be appearing in 2026. The subjects studied in Class 12 should include Physics, Mathematics, and one other subject like Chemistry, Biology, or Biotechnology.

Number of Attempts: A student can attempt JEE Main for three consecutive years, starting from the year they appear for their Class 12 board exams. JEE Main is conducted twice a year, so students have six chances in total to take the exam.

Age Limit: There is no specific age limit for appearing in JEE Main 2026. However, candidates must ensure that their respective institutions (like NITs, IIITs, or GFTIs) have their age requirements.

Nationality: Students who are Indian citizens, Overseas Citizens of India (OCI), Persons of Indian Origin (PIO), and even foreign nationals are eligible to apply.

Qualifying Marks: There are no minimum marks required to appear for JEE Main. However, for admission to IITs, NITs, and other centrally funded institutions, students should have at least 75% marks in Class 12 or should be in the top 20 percentile of their respective boards. For SC/ST candidates, this requirement is 65%.

Diploma Holders: Candidates who hold a diploma are also eligible to apply for JEE Main. However, diploma holders can only apply for admission to IITs and not to NITs or other engineering colleges.

JEE Main 2026 Exam Pattern

Mode of Exam

JEE Main 2026 will be conducted in Computer Based Test (CBT) mode for Paper 1 (BE/BTech) and Paper 2 (BArch/BPlan).
The drawing test for Paper 2A (BArch) will be held in pen and paper mode.

Total Papers

For BE/BTech, Paper 1 will be held.
For BArch, Paper 2A and for BPlan, Paper 2B will be held.

Choice of Medium

The question paper will be available in 13 languages - English, Hindi, Bengali, Assamese, Gujarati, Kannada, Marathi, Malayalam, Punjabi, Odia, Telugu, Tamil and Urdu.

Type of Questions

The question paper will consist of Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs) with four options and only one correct answer.

Time Duration

For Paper 1 (BE/BTech) and Paper 2A (BArch), the time duration is 3 hours.
For Paper 2B (BPlan), the time duration is 3 hours 30 minutes.
For PWD candidates, an extra time of 20 minutes per hour is given.

Marking Scheme

For each correct answer, 4 marks will be awarded.
For each incorrect answer, 1 mark will be deducted.
No marks will be given for questions not attempted.

Paper-wise Distribution of Questions For BE/BTech (Paper 1)

JEE Main Maths Chapter-wise Weightage

JEE Main Maths - Weightage of Chapters
Topic/ Chapter	Number of Questions	Total Marks
Coordinate Geometry	5	20
Limits, Continuity, and Differentiability	3	12
Integral Calculus	3	12
Complex numbers and Quadratic Equation	2	8
Matrices and Determinants	2	8
Statistics and Probability	2	8
Three Dimensional Geometry	2	8
Vector Algebra	2	8
Sets, Relation, and Function	1	4
Permutations and Combinations	1	4
Binomial Theorem and Its Application	1	4
Sequences and Series	1	4
Trigonometry	1	4
~~Mathematical Reasoning~~	1	4
Differential Equation	1	4
Statics and Dynamics	1	4
Differential Calculus	1	4

JEE Main Physics Chapter-wise Weightage


Topic/ Chapter	Number of Questions	Total Marks
Modern Physics	5	20
Heat and Thermodynamics	3	12
Optics	3	12
Current Electricity	3	12
Electrostatics	3	12
Magnetics	2	8
Unit, Dimension, and Vector	1	4
Kinematics	1	4
Laws of Motion	1	4
Work, Power, and Energy	1	4
Centre Of Mass, Impulse and Momentum	1	4
Rotation	1	4
Gravitation	1	4
Simple Harmonic Motion	1	4
Solids and Fluids	1	4
Waves	1	4
Electromagnetics Induction	1	4

JEE Main Chemistry Chapter-wise Weightage

JEE Main Chemistry - Weightage of Chapters
Topic/ Chapter	Number of Questions	Total Marks
Transition Elements and Coordination Chemistry	3	12
Periodic Table and Representative Elements	3	12
Thermodynamics And Gaseous State	2	8
Atomic Structure	2	8
Chemical Bonding	2	8
Chemical And Ionic Equilibrium	2	8
~~Solid State And Surface Chemistry~~	2	8
Nuclear Chemistry And Environment	2	8
Mole Concept	1	4
Redox Reaction	1	4
Electrochemistry	1	4
Chemical Kinetics	1	4
Solution and Colligative Properties	1	4
General Organic Chemistry	1	4
Stereochemistry	1	4
Hydrocarbon	1	4
Alkyl Halides	1	4
Carboxylic Acid and their Derivatives	1	4
Carbohydrates, amino acids and Polymers	1	4
Aromatic Compounds	1	4

For BArch (Paper 2A)

Subjects	Section wise Questions	Marks
Part 1: Mathematics	20 (Section A) & 10 (Section B)	100
Part 2: Aptitude Test	50	200
Part 3: Drawing Test	02	100
Total	82	400

For B Plan (Paper 2B)

Subjects	Section wise Questions	Marks
Part 1: Mathematics	20 (Section A) & 10 (Section B)	100
Part 2: Aptitude Test	75	300
Total	105	400

JEE Main 2026 Reservation

Reservation Categories and Percentages

Scheduled Caste (SC): 15%
Scheduled Tribe (ST): 7.5%
Other Backward Classes (OBC) Non-Creamy Layer (NCL): 27%
General Economically Weaker Sections (EWS): 10%
Persons with Disabilities (PwD): 5%

These reservations are designed to provide equitable access to education for candidates from various backgrounds, including those with disabilities.

How to Start Preparing for IIT JEE 2026?

At the starting time, you should focus on Discipline, Time management, and following the routine religiously.

How to begin your preparations?

Collect all the study material and reference books for your preparation.
Core subjects Physics, Chemistry, and Maths give proper time to them to achieve good rank.
Always emphasize building a strong foundation clearing any doubt and solving questions to bring clarity to concepts.
Practice thoroughly so that you can learn to solve questions on time.
Always work and practice accuracy and speed in calculations so that there is no chance of mistakes in exams. This needs lots of practice.
Always revise the concepts at regular intervals.
Join our coaching class available online at www.esaral.com and offline as well.
Complete all the homework and assignments given at coaching and schools to retain in-depth knowledge.

IIT JEE 2026 Preparation Strategy From Class 11

Most of the students start preparing for the JEE Main exam in Class 11 itself. There is a huge difference in the level of Class 10 and Class 11. So students should start preparing for JEE Main exam from Class 11 without comprising the studies. In Class 11 you will be able to start the preparation systematically and it will structured under the proper guidance of teachers.

You should enroll 2-year JEE Main coaching class provided by eSaral online and offline. You will get proper information with updated modules and the latest notifications that help you to crack the exams smoothly.

IIT JEE 2026 Study Plan

You should always understand and analyze when you are comfortable studying and retain the concepts easily. If you feel you are more productive in the early morning hours you should start studying during the morning. It is not necessary to study 10-12 hours. You should study sincerely. Quality matters not quantity. Hence studying efficiently for 6 hours can help you to crack JEE Main 2026 exams.
Be strict with your study schedule. You should keep your study session for 60-90 minutes and take a minimum break of 5-10-minute breaks so that you are not bored while studying. These sessions and breaks can be modified according to how long you concentrate.
You should focus on studying for equal hours the whole day instead of studying for the whole day and sleeping the next day. Always be consistent with your routine.
Always set small targets that are realistic so that you can feel confident and then you can simultaneously increase your target. After that, you can set your study plan. You will then gradually follow the routine and meanwhile, you will develop the study habit.
Never underestimate NCERT books they are always the best book for preparation for JEE Main 2026 exams. The majority of questions come from NCERT books. The basics of all the subjects are covered by NCERT books.
Whenever you start any concept you should begin with the theory part first and when you understand the concept you should start practicing the numericals and this helps you retain concepts thoroughly. Also if you are not able to solve the numerical questions then read the theory again and again until you solve the questions easily.
Do not skip any topic or concepts. All the topics are important you never which topic can come. Sometimes you feel that any topic is not interesting and that you should find some or the other way to make that topic interesting. You can make tables, mnemonics, flow charts, etc. So that you can topic interesting.
You should develop a problem-solving habit. This habit will help you with various competitive exams. First, you should start solving easy problems and then start solving complex problems. Solving problems this way will boost your confidence and you will try to do more and more.
Always start revising as early as possible. Do not wait for the completion of the syllabus. Like "Fitness is a journey, not a destination". The same goes for revisions. Revision is a process to be followed regularly and consistently. In your study plan, you should dedicate some part of your preparation time to revision. Revision can take place in one form or the other. It should not be delayed for new study.

JEE Main 2026 Preparation Tips

Understand the Syllabus and Exam Pattern

Familiarize yourself with the JEE Main syllabus, which includes topics from Physics, Chemistry, and Mathematics based on the NCERT curriculum for classes 11 and 12.
Know the exam pattern: Paper 1 consists of 90 questions (MCQs and numerical types) while Paper 2A (BArch) has 82 questions and Paper 2B (BPlan) has 105 questions. Each correct answer awards 4 marks, while incorrect answers incur a penalty of -1 mark.

Create a Study Plan

Develop a structured timetable that allocates time for each subject according to your strengths and weaknesses. Ensure to include regular breaks to avoid burnout.
Focus on high-weightage topics based on previous years' trends to maximize your score potential.

Utilize Quality Study Materials

Invest in comprehensive study materials that include self-explanatory theory, solved examples, exercise sheets, and online test series. Resources from established coaching institutes can provide valuable insights and practice.
Recommended books should cover all syllabus topics with clear explanations and ample practice problems. NCERT books are crucial, especially for Chemistry.

Practice Regularly

Make it a habit to solve at least 50-60 questions daily from each subject. Regular practice helps reinforce concepts and improves problem-solving speed.
Attempt previous years' question papers and take mock tests under timed conditions to simulate the exam environment. This will help you gauge your preparation level and identify areas needing improvement.

Focus on Conceptual Clarity

Prioritize understanding concepts over rote memorization. Use video lectures and online resources to clarify difficult topics.
Engage in group studies or discussions with peers to enhance understanding through different perspectives.

Review and Revise

Regularly revise important formulas, concepts, and chapters. Create summary notes for quick reference before exams.
Analyze your performance in mock tests to identify weaknesses and adjust your study plan accordingly.

Stay Motivated and Healthy

Maintain a positive mindset throughout your preparation journey. Set achievable goals and reward yourself for milestones reached.
Ensure you maintain a balanced lifestyle with proper nutrition, exercise, and sufficient sleep to keep your mind sharp.

Importance of NCERT books for JEE Main 2026

Foundation of the Syllabus

The JEE Main syllabus is primarily based on the NCERT curriculum for classes 11 and 12, covering essential topics in Physics, Chemistry, and Mathematics. This alignment makes NCERT textbooks a fundamental resource for understanding core concepts that will be tested in the exam.

Conceptual Clarity

NCERT books are designed to provide clear explanations of concepts, making them an excellent starting point for students. They include solved examples and exercises that help reinforce learning and ensure a solid grasp of the material.

Practice and Application

While NCERT books are essential for foundational knowledge, they also include practice problems that are relevant to the JEE syllabus. However, students are encouraged to complement their studies with additional reference books and coaching materials to tackle more complex problems typically found in JEE exams.

Recommended by Toppers

Many JEE toppers emphasize the importance of NCERT books in their preparation strategies. They suggest that these books should be thoroughly studied before moving on to more advanced materials, especially for subjects like Chemistry, where NCERT provides a comprehensive overview of essential topics.

Efficient Time Management

Given their focused content, NCERT textbooks allow students to efficiently manage their study time. By mastering these texts, students can cover a significant portion of the syllabus quickly, enabling them to allocate more time to practicing higher-level questions from other sources.